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Article
Macroinvertebrate and Fish Community Metrics: Confounding Effects and Consistency over Time
Macroinvertebrate and fish metrics are an essential tool in freshwater biomonitoring. Yet, many well-known stream metrics do not perform well as indicators of anthropogenic stress in lakes and wetlands, and th...
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Article
Open AccessHigh-resolution maps of forest-urban watersheds present an opportunity for ecologists and managers
Green infrastructure may improve water quality and mitigate flooding in forest-urban watersheds, but reliably quantifying all benefits is challenging because most land cover maps depend on moderate- to low-res...
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Article
Integrated Measures of Anthropogenic Stress in the U.S. Great Lakes Basin
Integrated, quantitative expressions of anthropogenic stress over large geographic regions can be valuable tools in environmental research and management. Despite the fundamental appeal of a regional approach,...
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Chapter
SCALING ISSUES IN MAPPING RIPARIAN ZONES WITH REMOTE SENSING DATA: QUANTIFYING ERRORS AND SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY
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Article
Environmentally stratified sampling design for the development of Great Lakes environmental indicators
Understanding the relationship between human disturbance and ecological response is essential to the process of indicator development. For large-scale observational studies, sites should be selected across gra...
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Article
Ownership and ecosystem as sources of spatial heterogeneity in a forested landscape, Wisconsin, USA
The interaction between physical environment and land ownership in creating spatial heterogeneity was studied in largely forested landscapes of northern Wisconsin, USA. A stratified random approach was used in...