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Article
Development of procedures for the measurement of residual stress by neutron diffraction
Neutron diffraction is a non-destructive method for determining residual stresses in crystalline materials. It is a relatively new technique and no standard is currently available for making these measurements...
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Chapter
Draft Standard for the Measurement of Residual Stresses by Neutron Diffraction
Residual stresses can have important consequences for the load carrying capacity and safety of engineering components. Neutron diffraction is a non-destructive method for determining residual stresses in cryst...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Two Parameter Characterisation of Crack Tip Fields under Creep Conditions
In this work the effect of constraint, i.e. specimen size and geometry, on the high temperature crack tip fields is studied. The approach extends the two parameter method developed for elastic-plastic fracture me...
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Article
Fracture mechanics analysis of a crack in a residual stress field
The standard definition of the J integral leads to a path dependent value in the presence of a residual stress field, and this gives rise to numerical difficulties in numerical modelling of fracture problems when...
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Article
Weibull Stress Solutions for 2-D Cracks in elastic and Elastic-Plastic Materials
The Weibull stress is widely used as a measure of the probability of cleavage failure. In this work analytical and semi-analytical expressions for the Weibull stress are developed in terms of the remote loadin...
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Article
Creep deformation and crack growth behavior of a single-crystal nickel-base superalloy
Uniaxial creep deformation and crack growth data are presented on the single-crystal nickel-base superalloy SC16, which is a candidate material for industrial gas turbine applications. All testing was performe...
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Book
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Chapter
Introduction
In this chapter the factors that have to be considered in designing and operating plant which is subjected to creep at elevated temperatures are introduced. Reference is made to historical developments. Improv...
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Chapter
Experimental determinations of high temperature crack growth
Methods of obtaining crack growth data at elevated temperatures are broadly similar to those used to determine the uniaxial creep data described in Chapter 2. A typical arrangement is shown in Fig. 7.1. A crac...
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Chapter
Stress analysis of uncracked bodies
In Chapter 2 the theories of creep have been explained and applied to the simple cases of stress relaxation in a bolt and creep in a thin-walled cylinder. However, most components operating at elevated tempera...
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Chapter
Models for creep crack initiation and growth
Methods have been presented for performing creep analyses of cracked and uncracked bodies. Fracture mechanics concepts have been developed for characterizing stress distributions ahead of a crack in a componen...
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Chapter
Processes of deformation and fracture at high temperatures
In this chapter the processes of deformation and fracture that occur in metallic materials at elevated temperatures are presented. The nature of creep is described and laws introduced for characterizing the sh...
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Chapter
Stress analysis of cracked bodies
In this chapter, some basic fracture mechanics parameters are introduced. Attention is restricted at this stage to a description of the various parameters and numerical and approximate methods for their estima...
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Chapter
Creep—fatigue crack growth
In this chapter the main factors influencing high temperature creep—fatigue crack growth in engineering materials are discussed. The significance of minimum to maximum load ratio R, frequency, environment and tem...
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Chapter
Practical applications
In recent years, a number of procedures have been produced for assessing defects in structures operating at high temperatures [1–7]. These differ in detail but all use the parameter C* and the concepts described ...
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Chapter
Residual Stress Distribution in Cracked Autofrettaged Tubing
Steel tubing used for a variety of critical high pressure applications is often autofrettaged to inhibit crack initiation and fatigue propagation from the bore. The autofrettage process introduces compressive ...
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Chapter
Role of Neutron Diffraction in Engineering Stress Analysis
A method of measuring residual stresses accurately and nondestructively by neutron diffraction is described. Examples are presented of the residual stress fields that can be introduced by welding, shot-peening...
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Chapter
Determination of Multiaxial Stress Creep Deformation and Rupture Criteria
Many engineering components experience multiaxial states of stress during operation. These can arise from the applied stress system such as when a component is subjected to torsion or internal pressure loading...
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Chapter
Development of the Neutron Diffraction Technique for the Determination of Near Surface Residual Stresses in Critical Gas Turbine Components
Near surface residual stresses contribute significantly to the life of structural engineering components. A method of producing compressive residual stresses in the surface region of components to give improve...
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Chapter
Intercomparison of Creep Crack Growth Data
In several components in fossil fuel and nuclear power-plants, jet engines and marine turbines, crack growth under creep conditions is both a design and an operating concern. Typically, these components are la...
