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21 Result(s)
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Article
Long-Term Trends of Carbon Monoxide Total Columnar Amount in Urban Areas and Background Regions: Ground- and Satellite-based Spectroscopic Measurements
A comparative study was carried out to explore carbon monoxide total columnar amount (CO TC) in background and polluted atmosphere, including the stations of ZSS (Zvenigorod), ZOTTO (Central Siberia), Peterhof...
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Article
Laws of Random Walks Derived by A.N. Kolmogorov in 1934
In the first half of the 1930s A.N. Kolmogorov was develo** analytical methods for the probability theory and presented the solution of the Fokker–Planck type equation. This solution contains scales for the ...
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Article
Living in Environmental Science
G.S. Golitsyn, a geophysicist of broad expertise, presents his way in environmental science and the detailed description of his research activity.
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Article
Variations of Total Nitrogen Oxide Content in the Atmosphere over the North Caucasus
The data are presented on total nitrogen dioxide (NO2) content in the atmosphere from 1979 to 2009 at the high-mountain scientific station located in the unpolluted area in the North Caucasus at the height of 207...
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Article
Tropical cyclones and polar lows: Velocity, size, and energy scales, and relation to the 26°C cyclone origin criteria
The goal of this paper is to quantitatively formulate some necessary conditions for the development of intense atmospheric vortices. Specifically, these criteria are discussed for tropical cyclones (TC) and po...
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Article
Heat exchange between the atmosphere and the non-uniform underlying surface under nonstationary radiative heating: a model and measurements
The influence of variations in time of the forcing radiation on the thermal evolution of the soil/atmosphere surface layer system and the possibility to derive thermal characteristics from an analysis of the s...
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Article
Coherent Structures in the Atmospheric Surface Layer under Stable and Unstable Conditions
Simultaneous measurements of the instantaneous values of absolute temperatureat seven heights within the lower 36 m of the atmospheric boundary layer underdifferent stability conditions were carried out, accom...
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Article
Trace Gas Measurements Between Moscow and Vladivostok Using the Trans-Siberian Railroad
Using a laboratory wagon traveling along the Trans-Siberian railroad, O3, NO, NO2, CO, CH4, SF6 and black carbon aerosol have been measured during the summer of 1996. The expedition from Niznij Novgorod (500 km e...
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Chapter
Commentary: Surprises in the Climate Change Course
Climate was always changing, but the rates and amplitudes of the changes now seem to be somewhat larger than those, say, extracted from tree rings or paleorecords of various kinds. The last Ipcc-5 report for the ...
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Chapter
Convection in Viscous and Rotating Fluids from the Viewpoint of the Forced Flow Theory
Many geophysical flows, including all types of convection, and some other phenomena can be described in terms of their forcing and certain characteristic time scales. In this paper, a principle of the fastest ...
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Book
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Chapter
General Notions
We consider the motion of a thermally inhomogeneous fluid rotating with a constant angular velocity. The detailed development of the set of equations describing the processes in this situation can be found in ...
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Chapter
Convection from Local Sources
In the three previous Chapters 2–4 we have considered the two limiting cases of heating in the horizontal and in the vertical and their different combinations. These are the simplest cases and in a sufficientl...
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Chapter
Convection in Spheres and Spherical Shells
Many problems of motions in stars, planetary atmospheres and cores require description of convection in spherical shells and within spheres which may be considered as a partial case of a sphere with zero inter...
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Chapter
Introduction
Spatial inhomogeneity of heating of fluids in the gravity field is the cause of all motions in nature: in the atmosphere and oceans on Earth, in astrophysical and planetary objects. All natural objects are rot...
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Chapter
Centrifugal Effects
In rotating systems centrifugal forces are always present. These forces are described by two additional terms in the momentum equation (1.1): by an addition to the pressure field
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Chapter
Geophysical and Astrophysical Applications and Analogies
All natural object are rotating. The range of the periods of them allowing hydrodynamic description spreads from milliseconds (neutron stars) to many months (e.g. the planet Venus with a period of 224 days = 1...
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Chapter
Horizontally Temperature-Inhomogeneous Rotating Annuli
Convection in rotating inhomogeneously heated annuli is the second simplest case for the mutual positions of the three main determining vectors: the vector of the gravity acceleration, ̄g, and the vector of th...
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Chapter
Plane Horizontal Homogeneous Layer
Studies of convective motions in a plane horizontal layer with and without rotation have been considered in some detail in the monographs by Chandrasekhar (1961), Hopfinger (1992) and in the review by Yavorska...
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Chapter
Vertically and Horizontally Inhomogeneous Heating
In the nature and in many technical applications there are quite often situations when there is an external heating not only in the horizontal but also in the vertical. From the theoretical point of view, this...
