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Francisco J. Villalobos
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Article
Modelling the impacts of cover crop management strategies on the water use, carbon exchange and yield of olive orchards
Cover crops have long been proposed as an alternative soil management for minimizing erosion rates in olive stands while providing additional ecosystem services. However, the trade-off between these benefits a...
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Article
Open AccessPre- and post-harvest evapotranspiration, carbon exchange and water use efficiency of a mature peach orchard in semi-arid climate
Better knowledge of the evapotranspiration and carbon exchange of fruit trees is needed to optimize the trade-off between water use and carbon assimilation and to better understand the role of agriculture in t...
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Article
FertiliCalc: A Decision Support System for Fertilizer Management
Rational fertilizer management is crucial in the efficient use of resources that are basically non-renewable and that can have a great environmental impact when used without scientific basis. The availability ...
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Article
Erratum to: A soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) model for simulating tree transpiration with a soil multi-compartment solution
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Article
Analysing the combined effect of wetted area and irrigation volume on olive tree transpiration using a SPAC model with a multi-compartment soil solution
In this paper, we analyse the combined effect of wetted area and irrigation volume and its impact on olive tree transpiration (E p) after validating a multi-compartment SPAC model in a dri...
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Article
A soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) model for simulating tree transpiration with a soil multi-compartment solution
A soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) model for simulating tree transpiration (Ep) with variable water stress and water distribution in the soil is presented. The model couples a sun/shade approach for the can...
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Article
Leaf water relations and gas exchange response to water deficit of olive (cv. Cobrançosa) in field grown conditions in Portugal
To evaluate the effects of changes in water stress and variable evaporative demand on water potential (Ψ), relative water content (RWC) and gas exchange during two consecutive years (2005 and 2006) providing i...
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Book
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Chapter
The Components of Evapotranspiration
Evapotranspiration is the sum of evaporation from the soil surface and the plant surfaces, and transpiration. The evaporation from the soil in agronomy follows a two-stage process depending if the soil surface...
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Chapter
Tillage
Tillage has been developed in farming to improve soil conditions in relation to the water balance and crop growth, to incorporate crop residues, and for weed control and preparation of the seedbed. The effects...
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Chapter
Deficit Irrigation
When the level of irrigation supply is less than crop ET, deficit irrigation (DI) programs are needed to optimize the use of the limited water. In annual crops where yield and transpiration are linearly relate...
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Chapter
Nitrogen Fertilization II: Fertilizer Requirements
The N balance allows the calculation of the fertilizer requirement which depends on the amount of N absorbed by the crop, the amount of inorganic N in the soil or produced by mineralization and N losses of the...
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Chapter
Application of Herbicides and Other Biotic Control Agents
The main characteristics of pesticides to consider from an agronomic viewpoint are selectivity, mobility within the plant and toxicity on non-target plants, insects and other fauna. Pesticide application shoul...
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Chapter
New Tools and Methods in Agronomy
As developments in information and communication technologies increase, new opportunities are becoming available to refine agronomic management. Precision agriculture, or site-specific crop management, is a fa...
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Chapter
Wind and Turbulent Transport
The flow of wind over crop canopies causes a transfer of momentum from the air to the canopy that generates turbulence which enhances the exchange of matter and energy between the atmosphere and crops. Turbule...
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Chapter
Plant Density and Competition
Crops respond to planting density modifying the characteristics of individual plants by changing the number and size of their organs. The density response can be described mathematically by the “Law of Recipro...
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Chapter
Soil Temperature and Soil Heat Flux
The soil temperature regime depends on its thermal properties (specific heat, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and thermal admittance). The main factors affecting the thermal regime are water content,...
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Chapter
The Water Budget
The components of the water balance (infiltration, deep percolation, evaporation from the soil surface, etc.) determine the amount of water available to the crop. Water flow in the soil occurs following the gr...
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Chapter
Sowing and Planting
Successful crop establishment depends on several factors at the time of sowing (soil water content, soil structure and soil temperature, seed viability, presence of pests). Therefore decisions regarding the da...
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Chapter
Irrigation Scheduling Using the Water Balance
The simplest and most robust method for irrigation scheduling, i.e. deciding the dates and amounts of irrigation, is based on the water balance. The soil water deficit (depth of water required to bring the soi...
