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Article
Educational attainment and psychiatric diagnoses: a national registry data and two-sample Mendelian randomization study
We investigate the causal relationship between educational attainment (EA) and mental health conditions using two research designs. Here we first compare the relationship between EA and 18 psychiatric diagnose...
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Article
Open AccessAre Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Psychopathology Amplified in Children with Below-Average Intelligence? A Population-Based Twin Study
There is a negative association between intelligence and psychopathology. We analyzed data on intelligence and psychopathology to assess this association in seven-year-old Dutch twin pairs (ranging from 616 to...
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Article
More than nature and nurture, indirect genetic effects on children’s academic achievement are consequences of dynastic social processes
Families transmit genes and environments across generations. When parents’ genetics affect their children’s environments, these two modes of inheritance can produce an ‘indirect genetic effect’. Such indirect ...
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Article
Open AccessThe relationship of school performance with self-control and grit is strongly genetic and weakly causal
The non-cognitive skills self-control and grit are often considered predictors of school performance, but whether this relationship is causal remains unclear. We investigated the causality of this association ...
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Article
Open AccessEstimating effects of parents’ cognitive and non-cognitive skills on offspring education using polygenic scores
Understanding how parents’ cognitive and non-cognitive skills influence offspring education is essential for educational, family and economic policy. We use genetics (GWAS-by-subtraction) to assess a latent, b...
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Article
Open AccessIntergenerational transmission of body mass index and associations with educational attainment
Individual differences in educational attainment (EA) and physical health, as indexed by body mass index (BMI), are correlated within persons and across generations. The present aim was to assess these associa...
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Article
Open AccessMultilevel Twin Models: Geographical Region as a Third Level Variable
The classical twin model can be reparametrized as an equivalent multilevel model. The multilevel parameterization has underexplored advantages, such as the possibility to include higher-level clustering variab...
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Article
Open AccessNurture might be nature: cautionary tales and proposed solutions
Across a wide range of studies, researchers often conclude that the home environment and children’s outcomes are causally linked. In contrast, behavioral genetic studies show that parents influence their child...
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Article
Investigating the genetic architecture of noncognitive skills using GWAS-by-subtraction
Little is known about the genetic architecture of traits affecting educational attainment other than cognitive ability. We used genomic structural equation modeling and prior genome-wide association studies (G...
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Article
Open AccessIntergenerational Transmission of Education and ADHD: Effects of Parental Genotypes
It remains a challenge to determine whether children resemble their parents due to nature, nurture, or a mixture of both. Here we used a design that exploits the distinction between transmitted and non-transmi...
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Article
Open AccessGenetic and Environmental Influences on Different Forms of Bullying Perpetration, Bullying Victimization, and Their Co-occurrence
Bullying comes in different forms, yet most previous genetically-sensitive studies have not distinguished between them. Given the serious consequences and the high prevalence of bullying, it is remarkable that...
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Article
Late-Emerging and Resolving Dyslexia: A Follow-Up Study from Age 3 to 14
This study focuses on the stability of dyslexia status from Grade 2 to Grade 8 in four groups: (a) no dyslexia in either grade (no-dyslexia, n = 127); (b) no dyslexia in Grade 2 but dyslexia in Grade 8 (late-emer...
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Article
Open AccessThe Effect of Parents’ Literacy Skills and Children’s Preliteracy Skills on the Risk of Dyslexia
The combination of investigating child and family characteristics sheds light on the constellation of risk factors that can ultimately lead to dyslexia. This family-risk study examines plausible preschool risk...
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Article
The effect of orientation on prehension movement time
We explored the relationship between hand orientation and movement time. Three groups of participants (n = 8 per group) were asked to grasp an object rotated in one of the following planes: (1) coronal; (2) sagit...
