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Article
Publisher Correction: Autophagy promotes growth of tumors with high mutational burden by inhibiting a T-cell immune response
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Article
Autophagy promotes growth of tumors with high mutational burden by inhibiting a T-cell immune response
Macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) degrades and recycles intracellular components to sustain metabolism and survival during starvation. Host autophagy promotes tumor growth by providing essential tumor nutri...
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Article
Phase I neoadjuvant study of intravesical recombinant fowlpox-GM-CSF (rF-GM-CSF) or fowlpox-TRICOM (rF-TRICOM) in patients with bladder carcinoma
Intravesical BCG is a highly effective treatment for high-grade nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer and carcinoma in situ (CIS); however, for patients who are either resistant or become unresponsive to BCG thera...
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Article
Virotherapy clinical trials for regional disease: In situ immune modulation using recombinant poxvirus vectors
The ability of viruses to readily infect tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo has resulted in their study as antitumor agents through a variety of strategies. Replicating and conditionally replicating viruses an...
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Chapter
Intralesional Vaccinia/GM-CSF Recombinant Virus in the Treatment of Metastatic Melanoma
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Article
Intratumoral recombinant GM-CSF-encoding virus as gene therapy in patients with cutaneous melanoma
Seven immunocompetent, revaccinated patients with surgically incurable cutaneous melanoma underwent treatment of dermal and/or subcutaneous metastases with twice-weekly intratumoral injections of escalating do...
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Chapter
Cellular vaccine therapies for cancer
The presence of functionally specific tumor-associated antigens was first convincingly demonstrated by Prehn and Main [1]. These investigators immunized syngeneic mice with a chemically induced sarcoma using a te...
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Article
Expression of cytokine mRNA in human melanoma tissues
We have reported that patients with metastatic melanoma treated with an autologous, dinitrophenol-modified vaccine develop inflammatory responses at tumor sites. Histologically, these inflamed lesions are char...
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Article
Induction of TH1- and TH2-associated cytokine mRNA in mouse bladder following intravesical growth of the murine bladder tumor MB49 and BCG immunotherapy
Productive immunity to murine and human parasites is associated with the development of a type I T cell response (interferon-γ-producing) while type II responses (interleukin-4-producing) suppress the developm...
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Article
Natural cytotoxic (NC) activity: A multi-lineage system regulated by IL-2
The studies described in this report demonstrate that NC activity is the function of a number of distinct effector cell populations and not due to a single type of NC cell. While IL-2 was found to augment the ...
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Article
Natural cytotoxic activity: An introduction