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    Book

    Losing an Empire, Finding a Role

    An Introduction to British Foreign Policy since 1945

    David Sanders (1989)

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    Chapter

    Conclusions

    Given that each of the preceding chapters ended with a ‘summary and conclusions’ section, this chapter does not provide a summary statement of the major developments in Britain’s postwar external policy. It do...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)

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    Chapter

    Before 1945

    In the mid-seventeenth century, when the emerging European states system was in its infancy, England was a relatively unimportant regional power with primarily European interests. Over the next 250 years, with...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)

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    Chapter

    The Road to Suez: British Imperialism, 1945–56

    Throughout the nineteenth century, Britain’s dominance as an imperial power extended well beyond those territories that were administered from the Colonial Office and the India Office. In addition to the formal E...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)

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    Chapter

    The Search for a New Role: The European Circle after 1956

    As noted in earlier chapters, throughout the postwar period successive British governments found it increasingly difficult, in the face of Britain’s long-term relative economic decline, to sustain the strategy...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)

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    Chapter

    The Relevance of Foreign Policy ‘Theory’

    In the introduction to this book it was indicated that the present study would seek to explain the major developments in Britain’s postwar foreign policy at two different levels. On the one hand, it would exam...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)

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    Chapter

    The International Economic Dimension

    In some respects it might appear unnecessary to delineate a separate area of a nation’s foreign policy and designate it as ‘economic’. After all, not only are self-evidently ‘political’ strategies frequently s...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)

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    Chapter

    Introduction

    Shortly after the Second World War, Winston Churchill observed that Britain’s primary overseas interests lay in three interlocking ‘circles’: in Europe, in the Empire and in the ‘special relationship’ across t...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)

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    Chapter

    From Potsdam to Cold War: Relations with Europe and the Superpowers, 1945–55

    This chapter examines the development of Britain’s foreign policy in Churchill’s ‘Atlantic’ and ‘European circles’ in the decade after 1945. The simultaneous examination of these two areas of policy is by no m...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)

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    Chapter

    The Wind of Change: The Empire Circle after 1956

    In the years after 1956, Britain progressively withdrew from the Empire ‘circle’. Although the pace of withdrawal varied — at times accelerating and on occasion even going into temporary reverse — it none the ...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)

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    Chapter

    The Changing ‘Special Relationship’, 1956–88

    As was seen in Chapter 2, the ‘special relationship’ between Britain and the United States was forged during the vicissitudes of the Second World War. Yet as Chapter 2 also showed, in the late 1940s that relat...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)

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    Chapter

    Defence Policy

    Defence policy is that aspect of external policy concerned with maximising the nation-state’s security interests. It consists in the construction of alliances and the development of military strategy designed ...

    David Sanders in Losing an Empire, Finding a Role (1989)