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  1. Article

    Open Access

    Breast epithelial cell proliferation is markedly increased with short-term high levels of endogenous estrogen secondary to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation

    Oocyte donors have high serum estradiol (E2) levels similar to the serum levels seen in the first trimester of pregnancy. We report in this article our studies comparing cell proliferation, Ki67 (MIB1), and es...

    Karine Chung, Linda J. Hovanessian-Larsen… in Breast Cancer Research and Treatment (2012)

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  2. No Access

    Article

    Progesterone and estrogen receptors in pregnant and premenopausal non-pregnant normal human breast

    We report here our studies of nuclear staining for the progesterone and estrogen receptors (PRA, PRB, ERα) and cell proliferation (MIB1) in the breast terminal duct lobular unit epithelium of 26 naturally cycl...

    DeShawn Taylor, Celeste Leigh Pearce… in Breast Cancer Research and Treatment (2009)

  3. No Access

    Article

    Phase I study of AG2034, a targeted GARFT inhibitor, administered once every 3 weeks

    Purpose: To identify a recommended phase II dose for the second generation glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase (GARFT) inhibitor, AG2034, administered by intravenous bolus every 3 weeks without folate supp...

    John D. Roberts, Stephen Shibata, Darcy V. Spicer… in Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology (2000)

  4. No Access

    Article

    Weekly lometrexol with daily oral folic acid is appropriate for phase II evaluation

    Purpose: Lometrexol [(6R)-5,10-dideaza-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate] is the prototype folate antimetabolite that targets the de novo purine synthesis pathway. Early phase I trials were confounded by cumulative myelo...

    John D. Roberts, Elizabeth A. Poplin… in Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology (2000)

  5. No Access

    Chapter

    Trial of Ovarian Suppression for Protection

    There is irrefutable evidence that ovarian hormones are intimately involved in the genesis of breast cancer and the protective effect of early menopause has been well documented. Natural menopause occurring be...

    Darcy V. Spicer, Elizabeth A. Krecker… in Reducing Breast Cancer Risk in Women (1995)

  6. No Access

    Chapter

    Oral Contraceptives and Cancer

    Combination-type oral contraceptives (COCs) reduce the risk of endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer, but increase the risk of liver cancer, and may increase the risk of breast cancer and cervical cancer. Anal...

    Malcolm C. Pike, Darcy V. Spicer in Contraception (1993)

  7. No Access

    Article

    Breast cancer prevention through modulation of endogenous hormones

    The use of exogenous sex-steroids for hormonal contraception is important to the way of life of many modern women. The widespread use of hormonal contraceptives represents a unique opportunity to have a substa...

    Darcy V. Spicer, Malcolm C. Pike in Breast Cancer Research and Treatment (1993)

  8. No Access

    Article

    Low-dose recombinant interleukin-2 and low-dose cyclophosphamide in metastatic breast cancer

    We undertook a preliminary study to examine the response rate of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) in patients with advanced measurable breast cancer, in a phase II clinical trial. The regimen we utilized was ...

    Darcy V. Spicer, Ann Kelley, Robin Herman, Grace Dean… in Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy (1992)

  9. No Access

    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Endogenous Estrogen and Progesterone as the Major Determinants of Breast Cancer Risk: Prospects for Control by ‘Natural’ and ‘Technological’ Means

    Studies over the last 20 years of breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, and of normal breast and endometrial tissue, have now provided us with a sufficient understanding of the etiology of these cancers to...

    Malcolm C. Pike, Darcy V. Spicer in Hormonal Carcinogenesis (1992)