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Article
Open AccessCross-Scale Processes of Magnetic Reconnection
Various physical processes in association with magnetic reconnection occur over multiple scales from the microscopic to macroscopic scale lengths. This paper reviews multi-scale and cross-scale aspects of magn...
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Article
Open AccessEnergetic Electron Precipitation Driven by Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves from ELFIN’s Low Altitude Perspective
We review comprehensive observations of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave-driven energetic electron precipitation using data collected by the energetic electron detector on the Electron Losses and Fiel...
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Article
Open AccessShocks in the Very Local Interstellar Medium
Large-scale disturbances generated by the Sun’s dynamics first propagate through the heliosphere, influence the heliosphere’s outer boundaries, and then traverse and modify the very local interstellar medium (...
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Article
Open AccessThe Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer: A Review of On-Orbit Sensor Performance, Data, Operations, and Science
Measurements from NASA’s Van Allen Probes have transformed our understanding of the dynamics of Earth’s geomagnetically-trapped, charged particle radiation. The Van Allen Probes were equipped with the Magnetic...
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Article
Correction to: The ELFIN Mission
Correction to: Space Sci. Rev. (2020) 216: 103 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-020-00721-7
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Article
Open AccessThe ELFIN Mission
The Electron Loss and Fields Investigation with a Spatio-Temporal Ambiguity-Resolving option (ELFIN-STAR, or heretoforth simply: ELFIN) mission comprises two identical 3-Unit (3U) CubeSats on a polar (∼93∘ inclin...
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Article
Open AccessThe Space Physics Environment Data Analysis System (SPEDAS)
With the advent of the Heliophysics/Geospace System Observatory (H/GSO), a complement of multi-spacecraft missions and ground-based observatories to study the space environment, data retrieval, analysis, and v...
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Article
Autogenous and efficient acceleration of energetic ions upstream of Earth’s bow shock
Earth and its magnetosphere are immersed in the supersonic flow of the solar-wind plasma that fills interplanetary space. As the solar wind slows and deflects to flow around Earth, or any other obstacle, a ‘bo...
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Reply to 'The dynamics of Van Allen belts revisited'
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Explaining the dynamics of the ultra-relativistic third Van Allen radiation belt
Since the discovery of the Van Allen radiation belts over 50 years ago, an explanation for their complete dynamics has remained elusive. Especially challenging is understanding the recently discovered ultra-re...
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Article
The amplitude of the slow component of oxygen uptake is related to muscle contractile properties
During constant-load exercise above the lactate threshold, oxygen-uptake kinetics deviate from the pattern seen below the threshold, with an additional, delayed component superimposed on the monoexponential pa...
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Article
Predicting Toxicity of Tall Larkspur (Delphinium barbeyi): Measurement of the Variation in Alkaloid Concentration Among Plants and Among Years
Tall larkspur (Delphinium barbeyi) is the principal mountain larkspur responsible for the majority of cattle deaths on mountain rangelands in western Colorado and central and southern Utah in the United States. T...
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Article
Determination of solution structures of paramagnetic proteins by NMR
Standard procedures for using nuclear Overhauser enhancements (NOE) between protons to generate structures for diamagnetic proteins in solution from NMR data may be supplemented by using dipolar shifts if the...
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Molecular Basis for Energy Transduction: Mechanisms of Cooperativity in Multihaem Cytochromes
Energy transduction through electron/proton cooperativity is at the heart of the metabolism of every living organism Nonetheless, the search for the structural bases sustaining these phenomena has been hindere...
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Article
Ligand orientation and haem electronic structure in ferricytochrome c′′ from Methylophilus methylotrophus studied by 13C NMR
Cytochrome c′′ from Methylophilus methylotrophus contains a single haem with bis-histidine coordination which couples electron and proton transfer by reversible detachment of one of the axial ligands on reductio...
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Article
Indirect determination of magnetic susceptibility tensors in peroxidases: a novel approach to structure elucidation by NMR
The chemical shifts of several 13C nuclei positioned α to the haems in oxidised cyanide complexes of horseradish peroxidase and lignin peroxidase are reported and analysed in terms of π molecular orbitals with p...
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Article
The Nevados de Payachata volcanic region (18°S/69°W, N. Chile)
Subduction-related volcanism in the Nevados de Payachata region of the Central Andes at 18°S comprises two temporally and geochemically distinct phases. An older period of magmatism is represented by glaciated...
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Article
Corn growth and nitrogen uptake under irrigated, fertilized conditions
A field experiment was conducted using a line source sprinkler and corn (Zea mays L.) as an indicator crop to investigate the interactive effects of nitrogen and irrigation on crop yield development, soil water a...
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Article
Anticoagulant activity of glycol analogs of phosphatidylserine
Three different analogs of phosphatidylserine were made by the combination of protected serine with phosphorus oxychloride and various diolmonooleates. These analogs of phosphatidylserine were 2-oleoylethylene...
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Article
The synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine containing acetylenic or cyclopropane fatty acids and the activity of these phosphatides in blood coagulation
Six different phosphatides were made by combination of phosphorus oxychloride and eithert-butyloxycarbonylaminoethanol or the phthalimidomethyl ester of anisyloxycarbonyl-L-serine with three different diglyceride...
