ECTO-NOX Proteins
Growth, Cancer, and Aging
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Reference Work Entry In depth
arNOX: New Mechanisms of Skin Aging and Lipoprotein Oxidation
The discovery of a family of cell surface age-related ECTO-NOX proteins, designated as arNOX or ENOX3 capable of generating superoxide which can then dismutase to form hydrogen peroxide as well as the directly...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
arNOX: A New Source of Aging
An aging-related ENOX protein arNOX (ENOX3) of the cell surface and endosomes shed into body fluids increases in activity linearly with age beginning at about 30 years to a maximum at about age 65. Subjects su...
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Article
Open AccessErratum to: ENOX2-based early detection (ONCOblot) of asbestos-induced malignant mesothelioma 4–10 years in advance of clinical symptoms
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Article
Open AccessENOX2-based early detection (ONCOblot) of asbestos-induced malignant mesothelioma 4–10 years in advance of clinical symptoms
Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive, almost uniformly fatal tumor, caused primarily by exposure to asbestos. In this study, serum presence of mesothelioma-specific protein transcript variants of ecto-nicot...
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Article
Age-related NADH oxidase (arNOX)-catalyzed oxidative damage to skin proteins
Age-related NADH oxidase (arNOX), a cell surface-located hydroquinone oxidase capable of superoxide generation, appears at age 30 and increases with age thereafter. The ectodomain of arNOX is shed from the ce...
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Article
Open AccessCancer prevention trial of a synergistic mixture of green tea concentrate plus Capsicum (CAPSOL-T) in a random population of subjects ages 40-84
Experts agree that one of the more promising strategies in cancer management is early detection coupled with early intervention. In this study, we evaluated an early cancer detection strategy of cancer presenc...
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Article
Open AccessAge-related NADH oxidase (arNOX) activity is significantly reduced in coelomic fluid of long-lived sea urchins
Age-related NADH oxidase (arNOX) is a cell surface protein shed into the circulation and other body fluids, which generates superoxide. The activity increases with age in human tissues and body fluids (serum, ...
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Book
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Chapter
Measurements of ECTO-NOX (ENOX) Activities
A major challenge in ENOX discovery and validation has been limitations imposed by measurements of ENOX activities. Spectroscopic strategies substantiate the periodic oscillations in low rates of NADH oxidatio...
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Chapter
Role in Plasma Membrane Electron Transport
A transplasma membrane electron transport chain is possessed by all eukaryotic cells and organisms. One or more NADH-coenzyme Q reductase enzymes located on the cytosolic side of the plasma membrane, coenzyme ...
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Chapter
Roles as Ultradian Oscillators of the Cells Biological Clock
The homodimeric, growth-related and time-kee** constitutive hydroquinone oxidase ENOX1 of the eukaryotic cell surface capable of oxidizing extracellular NAD(P)H and intracellular hydroquinones exhibits prope...
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Chapter
ENOX2 (tNOX) and Cancer
ENOX2 or tNOX (for tumor-associated NOX) proteins are ENOX proteins specific to cancer. Demonstrated to be present in several human tumor tissues, serum analyses of shed ENOX2 proteins suggest a much broader, ...
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Chapter
Cancer Therapeutic Applications of ENOX2 Proteins
ENOX2 proteins are blocked by quinone-site inhibitors with anticancer activity such as capsaicin, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, antitumor-sulfonylureas, doxorubicin (Actinomycin D®), and cisplatin. As such they...
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Chapter
The ENOX Protein Family
ECTO-NOX or ENOX (because of their cell surface location) proteins comprise a family of dicopper NAD(P)H oxidases of plants and animals that exhibit both oxidative and protein disulfide isomerase-like activiti...
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Chapter
The Constitutive ENOX1 (CNOX)
ENOX1 (CNOX) proteins are constitutive hormone-responsive and growth-related ENOX proteins of the cell surface that catalyze both hydroquinone and NAD(P)H oxidation as well as protein disulfide-thiol interchan...
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Chapter
Role in the Enlargement Phase of Cell Growth
Cell enlargement is a necessary requisite for sustained growth of cells of all higher organisms. Close coupling of plasma membrane electron transport and growth was indicated from the beginning with the earlie...
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Other Potential Functional Roles of ENOX Proteins
The principal functional roles of ENOX proteins are in plasma membrane electron transport, growth and cellular time kee**. Also implicated are involvements in cell cycle control, endomembrane function (membr...
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Chapter
The Auxin-Stimulated ENOX and Auxin Stimulation of Plant Growth
Classically, growth regulators of the auxin type have been used experimentally to modulate rates of cell expansion of excised stem segments floated on auxin solutions. Among the auxins are a natural plant horm...
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Chapter
Age-Related ENOX Proteins (arNOX)
Age-related ENOX proteins (arNOX/ENOX3) of the cell surface and endosomes with a period length of 26 min and shed into body fluids increase linearly with age beginning at about 30 years to a maximum at about a...
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Chapter
Cancer Diagnostic Applications of ENOX2 Proteins
That the cancer cell surface-located ENOX2 proteins are produced only by cancer cells and shed into the blood offer an opportunity for cancer detection based on serum analyses including early stages when the c...
