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Chapter
Conclusion
Let us summarize the results of the theoretical analysis of this book devoted to the physical processes that are responsible for the thermal state of our planet. Our task was to compose the physical picture of...
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Chapter
Introduction
In this book, we aim to give the physical picture of atmospheric processes which determine the heat state of the Earth and atmosphere, where the main role plays radiative processes including both infrared emis...
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Chapter
Transport Processes in Atmospheric Air
Transport phenomena in motionless atmospheric air are analyzed and include mostly diffusion, thermal conductivity and viscosity of air. Kinetic coefficients for these transport processes due to collisions of m...
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Chapter
Energetics of the Earth
Energetic balance of the Earth and its atmosphere is determined by three groups of processes, namely absorption and scattering of solar radiation by the atmosphere and Earth’s surface, absorption and emission ...
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Chapter
Greenhouse Effect in Varying Atmosphere
Change of the radiative flux from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface as a result of a change of the atmosphere composition is evaluated within the framework of the above model for standard atmosphere which ...
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Chapter
Equilibrium Radiation of Earth and Venus
In the first approximation, the powerful radiative atmospheric processes assume to be stationary that means the equilibrium state of the atmosphere stationarity. In addition, in the first approximation, atmosp...
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Chapter
Physical Aspects of Climate Change
The analysis of power atmospheric processes depending on its parameters and external conditions allows one to describe the thermal state of the Earth. For simplicity, one parameter is used usually for this goa...
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Chapter
Global Properties of Atmospheric Air
The model of standard atmosphere which is based on average atmospheric parameters is combined with transport phenomena in the atmosphere for the physical analysis of various properties for the Earth’s atmosphe...
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Chapter
Condensation Processes in Atmosphere
Water condensation in the atmosphere is possible in a supersaturated vapor that results from mixing atmospheric parcels under the action of vertical winds. The first parcel of the mixture contains wet air from...
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Chapter
Emission of the Atmosphere
Emission of the atmosphere as a thin air layer located over the Earth’s surface results from radiation of water and carbon dioxide molecules, as well as due to water microdroplets which constitute the clouds. ...
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Chapter
Emission of Atmospheric Particles
The absorption cross section of infrared radiation by a water microdroplet is determined on the basis of the Mie model according to which a droplet is characterized by a sharp boundary. The mass of atmospheric...
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Chapter
Introduction
The aim of this book is to study the global processes involving atmospheric water that is present in the atmosphere both in the form of free water molecules and as a condensed phase in the form of microdroplet...
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Chapter
Conclusion
\(\blacksquare \) $$\blacksq...
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Chapter
Water Condensation Processes in Atmospheric Air
Cloud properties and cloud processes are analyzed in this chapter. Clouds consisting of water microdroplets are formed in atmospheric condensation processes and partake in the water circulation through the atm...
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Chapter
Processes of Atmospheric Electricity
Dividing the atmosphere in two parts, where the main part corresponds to a clear sky, one can represent electric processes in this atmospheric part as the global electric circuit. In this consideration, the Ea...
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Chapter
Global Properties of the Earth’s Atmosphere
Within the framework of the model of the standard atmosphere, general properties and processes are considered in atmospheric air involving water molecules and water microdroplets. The convective motion of air ...
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Chapter
Processes Involving Atmospheric Ions
Processes of ion formation in the atmosphere and their decomposition, as well as the behavior of ions in the troposphere, are analyzed. Cosmic rays including protons and neutrons of GeV energies, as well as ha...
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Chapter
Greenhouse Phenomenon in the Earth’s Atmosphere
The “line-by-line” method is used for evaluation of thermal emission of the standard atmosphere toward the Earth. Accounting for thermodynamic equilibrium of the radiation field with air molecules and consider...
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Chapter
Elementary Radiative Processes
Parameters of elementary processes involving photons and atomic particles are evaluated. These processes include photoionization of atoms, and photorecombination of electrons and atomic ions, photodetachment o...
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Chapter
Greenhouse Effect in Atmospheres of Earth and Venus
The greenhouse phenomenon in the atmosphere that results from emission of its molecules and particles in the infrared spectrum range is determined by atmospheric water in the form of molecules and microdrops a...
