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Chapter
Structural Change and Evolution of Top Wealth: The American Forbes 400 List, 1990–2020
Over the past three decades, in the U.S. has become remarkably polarized, with the rich amassing even greater fortunes. This chapter examines the wealth distribution from 1990 to 2020, focusing the Forbe...
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Chapter
Increasing Returns to Scale and Declining Labor Share in the Information Economy
This chapter analyzes the (ICT) on the macroeconomy, resulting in the emergence of and subsequently improving firm profitability. It is important to in the U.S. economy, have shown significant profits an...
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Chapter
Firm Size, Rate of Return on Capital, and Increasing Returns to Scale—The Japanese Financial and Information Communication Service Sectors—
Parallel to the increasing in OECD countries, a few large firms have become mega giants, , particularly in the financial and information communication service sectors. This implies in can produce . I...
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Article
Open AccessLow-temperature hysteresis broadening emerging from domain-wall creep dynamics in a two-phase competing system
Hysteretic behaviour accompanies any first-order phase transition, forming a basis for many applications. However, its quantitative understanding remains challenging, and even a qualitative understanding of pr...
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Article
Open AccessDouble dome structure of the Bose–Einstein condensation in diluted S = 3/2 quantum magnets
Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in quantum magnets, where bosonic spin excitations condense into ordered ground states, is a realization of BEC in a thermodynamic limit. Although previous magnetic BEC studies...
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Article
Open AccessTunable spin-valley coupling in layered polar Dirac metals
In non-centrosymmetric metals, spin-orbit coupling induces momentum-dependent spin polarization at the Fermi surfaces. This is exemplified by the valley-contrasting spin polarization in monolayer transition me...
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Article
Open AccessQuantized surface transport in topological Dirac semimetal films
Unconventional surface states protected by non-trivial bulk orders are sources of various exotic quantum transport in topological materials. One prominent example is the unique magnetic orbit, so-called Weyl o...
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Article
Open AccessQuantum Hall states observed in thin films of Dirac semimetal Cd3As2
A well known semiconductor Cd3As2 has reentered the spotlight due to its unique electronic structure and quantum transport phenomena as a topological Dirac semimetal. For elucidating and controlling its topologic...
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Article
Stress- and Magnetic Field-Induced Martensitic Transformation at Cryogenic Temperatures in Fe–Mn–Al–Ni Shape Memory Alloys
Stress-induced and magnetic-field-induced martensitic transformation behaviors at low temperatures were investigated for Fe–Mn–Al–Ni alloys. The magnetic-field-induced reverse martensitic transformation was di...
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Article
Oral Secretions Affect HIPVs Induced by Generalist (Mythimna loreyi) and Specialist (Parnara guttata) Herbivores in Rice
Plants synthesize variable mixtures of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) as part of their evolutionary conserved defense. To elucidate the impact of chewing herbivores with different level of adaptatio...
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Article
Magnetism and superconductivity in CeCu2Ge2 under high pressures and magnetic fields
We measured the electrical resistivity of CeCu2Ge2 under various high pressures and strong magnetic fields. Beyond the previous antiferromagnetic critical pressure P c }~ 8 GPa, the antife...
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Article
Pressure-induced metal-insulator transition of the mott insulator Ba2IrO4
The electrical resistivity of single crystals of the spin-orbit Mott insulator Ba2IrO4 has been measured at pressures up to 30 GPa and at temperatures from 100 mK to 300 K. Ba2IrO4 shows a metal-insulator transit...
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Article
Strong enhancement of superconductivity in inorganic electride 12CaO·7Al2O3:e− under high pressure
We present the results of the pressure dependence of the superconductivity of the inorganic electride 12CaO·7Al2O3:e− (C12A7:e−) single crystal through the ac-susceptibility measurement under high pressure. C12A7...
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Article
Between- and within-group wage inequalities, and the advent of new technology
We present a simple model that explains two features of the dynamics of wage inequalities: between-group and within-group. Individuals are assumed to be heterogeneous in their innate abilities. With the advent...
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Article
A compound heterozygote of novel and recurrent DTDST mutations results in a novel intermediate phenotype of Desbuquois dysplasia, diastrophic dysplasia, and recessive form of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
Diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter (DTDST) is required for synthesis of sulfated proteoglycans in cartilage, and its loss-of-function mutations result in recessively inherited chondrodysplasias. The 40 ...
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Article
A case of metacarpal chondrosarcoma of the thumb
Enchondroma is the most common primary benign bone tumor of the hand. Chondrosarcomas in this location, however, are extremely rare. It often is difficult to make a histological distinction between benign cart...
