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Article
Longitudinal changes in peritoneal equilibration test with or without peritonitis in children
This study was conducted to evaluate longitudinal changes in the peritoneal equilibration test (PET) in children treated with continuous peritoneal dialysis (CPD). The effects of prolonged CPD and episodes of ...
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Article
Phosphorylation of DARPP-32 by Cdk5 modulates dopamine signalling in neurons
The physiological state of the cell is controlled by signal transduction mechanisms which regulate the balance between protein kinase and protein phosphatase activities1. Here we report that a single protein can,...
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Article
Effects of chronic exposure to cocaine are regulated by the neuronal protein Cdk5
Cocaine enhances dopamine-mediated neurotransmission by blocking dopamine re-uptake at axon terminals. Most dopamine-containing nerve terminals innervate medium spiny neurons in the striatum of the brain. Coca...
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Article
Sulfation patterns of glycosaminoglycans encode molecular recognition and activity
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Article
A phosphatase cascade by which rewarding stimuli control nucleosomal response
Disruptions in dopamine signalling have been implicated in psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and drug addiction. The phosphoprotein DARPP-32 is a prominent mediator of dopamine signalling in the str...
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Article
Cell type–specific regulation of DARPP-32 phosphorylation by psychostimulant and antipsychotic drugs
DARPP-32 phosphorylation is crucial to the actions of both psychostimulant and antipsychotic drugs. By using BAC transgenic mice to tag DARPP32 selectively in either striatonigral or striatopallidal neurons, t...
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Article
Open AccessAbnormal social behavior, hyperactivity, impaired remote spatial memory, and increased D1-mediated dopaminergic signaling in neuronal nitric oxide synthase knockout mice
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is involved in the regulation of a diverse population of intracellular messenger systems in the brain. In humans, abnormal NOS/nitric oxide metabolism is suggested to cont...
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Article
Open AccessQTL analyses of temporal and intensity components of home-cage activity in KJR and C57BL/6J strains
A variety of mouse strains exhibit diversity in spontaneous activity consistent with an important genetic contribution. To date, many studies have defined spontaneous home-cage activity as total distance or to...
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Article
Open AccessQTL analysis of measures of mouse home-cage activity using B6/MSM consomic strains
The activity of mice in their home cage is influenced greatly by the cycle of light and dark. In addition, home-cage activity shows remarkable time-dependent changes that result in a prominent temporal pattern...
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Article
The Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability of Geissoschizine Methyl Ether in Uncaria Hook, a Galenical Constituent of the Traditional Japanese Medicine Yokukansan
Geissoschizine methyl ether (GM) in Uncaria hook, a galenical constituent of yokukansan is thought to be one of active components in the psychotropic effect of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine (kampo m...
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Article
Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition enhances the dopamine D1 receptor/PKA/DARPP-32 signaling cascade in frontal cortex
Alteration of dopamine neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex, especially hypofunction of dopamine D1 receptors, contributes to psychotic symptoms and cognitive deficit in schizophrenia. D1 receptors signa...
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Article
Effects of Geissoschizine Methyl Ether, an Indole Alkaloid in Uncaria Hook, a Constituent of Yokukansan, on Human Recombinant Serotonin7 Receptor
Effects of seven alkaloids, geissoschizine methyl ether (GM), hirsutine, hirsuteine, rhynchophylline, isorhynchophylline, corynoxeine and isocorynoxeine, in Uncaria hook, a constituent of the kampo medicine yo...
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Article
Open AccessDeficiency of Schnurri-2, an MHC Enhancer Binding Protein, Induces Mild Chronic Inflammation in the Brain and Confers Molecular, Neuronal, and Behavioral Phenotypes Related to Schizophrenia
Schnurri-2 (Shn-2), an nuclear factor-κB site-binding protein, tightly binds to the enhancers of major histocompatibility complex class I genes and inflammatory cytokines, which have been shown to harbor common v...
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Article
The role of ventral striatal cAMP signaling in stress-induced behaviors
Changes in cAMP signalling in the brain influence mood and responses to stress. Here, the authors found that Cdk5 regulates cAMP degradation by PDE4 phosphodiesterases in the mouse ventral striatum. Targeting ...
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Article
Open AccessNeuronal circuits and physiological roles of the basal ganglia in terms of transmitters, receptors and related disorders
The authors have reviewed recent research advances in basal ganglia circuitry and function, as well as in related disorders from multidisciplinary perspectives derived from the results of morphological, electr...
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Article
Open AccessDeconstructing the traditional Japanese medicine “Kampo”: compounds, metabolites and pharmacological profile of maoto, a remedy for flu-like symptoms
Pharmacological activities of the traditional Japanese herbal medicine (Kampo) are putatively mediated by complex interactions between multiple herbal compounds and host factors, which are difficult to charact...
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Article
Open AccessStriosome-based map of the mouse striatum that is conformable to both cortical afferent topography and uneven distributions of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-expressing cells
The striatum is critically involved in execution of appropriate behaviors, but its internal structures remain unmapped due to its unique structural organization, leading to ambiguity when interpreting heteroge...
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Article
Open AccessThree divisions of the mouse caudal striatum differ in the proportions of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-expressing cells, distribution of dopaminergic axons, and composition of cholinergic and GABAergic interneurons
The greater part of the striatum is composed of striosomes and matrix compartments, but we recently demonstrated the presence of a region that has a distinct structural organization in the ventral half of the ...
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Article
Open AccessDifferential annotation of converted metabolites (DAC-Met): Exploration of Maoto (Ma-huang-tang)-derived metabolites in plasma using high-resolution mass spectrometry
Traditional herbal medicine (THM) contains a vast number of natural compounds with varying degrees of pharmacological activity. To elucidate the mode of action, comprehensive metabolite profiling in the plasma...
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Article
Open AccessObligatory roles of dopamine D1 receptors in the dentate gyrus in antidepressant actions of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine
Depression is a leading cause of disability. Current pharmacological treatment of depression is insufficient, and development of improved treatments especially for treatment-resistant depression is desired. Un...
