-
Article
Effect of the Ion Size Ratio of Components and Electrical Transfer on Transfer Phenomena during Contact Melting
The form of the dependence of ion velocities of components in binary metal solutions for the main and impurity components is determined. It is shown that with electrical transfer, the resulting rate of transfe...
-
Article
Effect of the Structural-Phase Composition of the Surfaces of Substrates of Different Composition on the Spreading of a Melt and Their Relation to Their Phase Diagram
A way of forming and depositing dosed droplets on the surface of a solid substrate with or without variable composition is proposed. Contact melting closely related to phase diagram is used to obtain such subs...
-
Article
X-Ray Spectral Analysis of the Effect of Electronic Interaction and Electromigration on the Kinetics and Formation of the Structure of Contact Interlayers
The results are presented from investigating the effect electromigration and indium impurities in tin have on the kinetics and the formation of structures in contact interlayers in the (Sn + 3% In)–Bi system. ...
-
Article
Phase Formation and Microhardness in Contact Interlayers of a Bismuth–Cadmium System with Calcium Impurities and Electrotransfer
X-ray means are used to investigate phase formation upon contact melting, including cases of electrotransfer, in Cd–In and Cd–Sn systems upon adding small amounts of sodium to cadmium. The nucleation of two- a...
-
Article
Effect of Do** and Electrotransfer on Contact Melting in Cadmium–Indium and Cadmium–Tin Systems
X-rays are used to investigate phase formation upon contact melting, including cases of electrotransfer, in Cd–In and Cd–Sn systems upon adding small amounts of sodium to cadmium. The nucleation of two-compone...
-
Article
Effect of lead concentration and electromigration on the kinetics of contact melting and phase formation in a Sn–(Bi + Pb) system
It is found that the kinetics of contact melting and the formation of contact layer structures depend on both the concentration of lead in the alloy and the direction of electric current during the process of ...
-
Article
Relation of effective charges to atom electronegativity
It is shown that during electromigration, the signs of the effective charges of a binary system’s components can, under certain conditions, be determined by electronegativity, a physicochemical characteristic ...
-
Article
Effect of electrotransfer and indium additions on contact melting and phase formation in bismuth–tin systems
Contact melting with and without electrotransfer is studied in Sn–Bi systems with small additions of indium to each component. The effect admixtures have on the rate of contact melting is shown to be unclear. ...
-
Article
Effect of electromigration on the formation of a transient zone during contact between solid bodies at temperatures below the melting point of a low-melting compound
The group of new systems in which there a drop in the phase transition (melting) temperature during contact between solid heterogeneous pairs of metals that differing in their types of phase diagrams is expand...
-
Article
On the effect of lead concentration on the kinetics of contact melting in the Sn–Pb–Bi system in the presence of electromigration
It is determined by electron microscopy that the contact layer in the Sn–(Bi + 30 wt % Pb) system contains separate solid inclusions, while the contact layer in the Sn–(Bi + 40 wt % Pb) system is microheteroge...
-
Article
Spreading of gallium on the surface of a contact layer of variable composition from the Pb–Bi system
An approach for obtaining substrates of variable composition of metal systems is proposed. The spreading of drops of gallium of uniform size on the surfaces of areas of variable composition, obtained via conta...
-
Article
Features of the kinetics of contact melting in a ternary eutectic of Sn-Bi-Pb system with electrotransfer
It is shown that the structure of contact layers and the kinetics of contact melting (CM) in the Sn-(Bi+Pb)EUT system depend on the presence and direction of the electric current, along with the composition of th...
-
Article
Formation of composite structures in eutectic systems in the presence of electromigration
It is shown that alloys in the liquid-solid state formed during contact melting in multicomponent systems contain separately existing solid phases. The application of a dc electric current during contact melti...
-
Article
On the joining (bonding) of homogenous metals
Surface morphology of the ends of a homogeneous system of In/In before and after contact is studied by means of scanning electron and atomic force microscopy. It is found that the surface reliefs are quite dif...
-
Article
Lowering the temperature of the contact zone during the interaction of homo- and heterogeneous metals not forming intermetallic compounds
A method based on the sequential contact of samples for experimental studies of the initial stage of the low-temperature joining of homogeneous and heterogeneous metals is proposed. Results showing that there ...
-
Article
Effect of direct electric current on phase formation in Pb-Sn liquid-solid alloys
The effect of a constant electric current on the phase state of alloys of the lead-tin system in the liquid-solid state was investigated. It was shown that solid inclusions are displaced to one of the electrod...
-
Article
Influence of electric transfer on the Kirkendall effect and partial lengths of liquid areas appearing upon contact melting in metallic systems
The results of experimental studies of the influence of electric transfer on the Kirkendall effect in a Bi-Cd system and the partial lengths of contact interlayers of Bi-Cd and In-Zn systems upon contact melti...
-
Article
Phase transitions in eutectics-eutectics systems with chemical interaction of components in the presence of electrotransfer
The mechanisms of eutectic and contact melting are directly related to the nature of eutectics. The nature and mechanism of this process are still not completely understood. A study of contact melting in an In...
-
Article
On the decrease in the temperature of contact melting in metal systems with intermetallic compounds
A sufficient condition for the manifestation of the ΔT effect is proposed on the basis of an analysis of published data and the results obtained by the authors. An attempt is made to justify the non-mandatory del...
-
Article
On the shift of inert labels at contact melting of binary metallic systems upon electrotransfer
The influence of electrotransfer on the macroscopic flow in Bi-Pb and Bi-Cd systems at contact melting has been experimentally studied. The electric current passing through the melt formed at contact melting i...
