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Protocol
Xenograft Models in Immunodeficient Animals
The growth of metastases is the end result of a multistep process in which cancer cells invade through basement membranes, extravasate into bloodstream or lymphatic vessels, survive transit in the circulation,...
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Protocol
Clinically Relevant Metastatic Breast Cancer Models to Study Chemosensitivity
Metastatic disease, notably to the lungs, liver, bone, and brain, is the most common cause of death from breast cancer, despite advances in surgical and clinical management. Two basic principles govern the pro...
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Protocol
Spontaneous and Experimental Metastasis Models: Nude Mice
Immunodeficient mice are widely used for cancer research as they can provide an in vivo system in which to study the tumorigenicity and metastatic potential of human cancer cells. The athymic or “nude” mouse h...