1,546 Result(s)
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Protocol
Future Rotavirus Research
Since the discovery of animal rotaviruses (RVs) in the 1960s (1,2), and of human rotaviruses (HRVs) 25 yr ago (3,4), much has been learned about virus structure, classification, evolution, replication, pathogenes...
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Evaluation of Rotavirus Vaccines in Small Animal Models
The high morbidity and mortality of rotavirus (RV) infections has spurred the development of RV vaccines (1–13). Although children naturally infected with RV commonly undergo multiple infections, primary infectio...
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Rotavirus Entry into Tissue Culture Cells
Rotavirus (RV) is a triple-protein-layered icosahedral virus, for which studies have established that the two outer-layer proteins, viral protein 4 (VP4) and viral protein 7 (VP7), are required for viral infec...
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Rotaviruses: Basic Facts
Rotaviruses (RVs) are the chief etiologic agent of viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children, and in the young of a large variety of animal species. Since the discovery of RVs in man 25 yr ago, much ...
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Mixed Infections with Rotaviruses
Mixed infection of tissue culture cells is the primary means of studying genetic and nongenetic interactions between viral mutants. The purpose of the mixed infection is to place two different viral genomes in...
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Electron Cryomicroscopy and Computer Image Processing Techniques
Rotavirus (RV), a double-stranded (ds)RNA virus in the family Reoviridae, is a complex, relatively large (diameter, including spikes = 1000 Å), nonenveloped icosahedral virus. Once RV was recognized as a major...
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Pathogenesis and Animal Models
Because of the limitations in studying human rotavirus (HRV) pathogenesis and mucosal immunity in the natural host (infants and children), various animal models have been utilized to investigate rotavirus (RV)...
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Epidemiology of Group A Rotaviruses Surveillance and Burden of Disease Studies
Human infection has been reported with groups A, B, and C rotaviruses (RVs). Of these, Group A RVs are the most important, being a major cause of severe gastroenteritis (GE). Each year, Group A RVs are estimat...
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Methods of Rotavirus Detection, Sero- and Genoty**, Sequencing, and Phylogenetic Analysis
The clinical symptoms associated with rotavirus (RV) gastroenteritis are not sufficiently characteristic to distinguish between RV infection and other causes of gastroenteritis. Therefore, laboratory procedure...
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Virus Replication
The effort to understand the molecular biology of rotaviruses (RVs) has led to the development of procedures that can be used to study the replication and transcription of the RV genome, the assembly and struc...
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Immunologic Methods and Correlates of Protection
Studies of natural rotavirus (RV) infection in children have shown that protection against subsequent RV disease occurs (1). Assessment of humoral immune responses has included study of the importance of circulat...
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In Vivo Study of Immunity to Rotaviruses
Rotaviruses (RVs) are important human pathogens. The murine model of RV infection has been very useful in clarifying the mechanisms that mediate clearance of primary RV infection, and the mechanisms that media...
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FTIR Microscopy Detection of Cells Infected With Viruses
Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy is considered a comprehensive and sensitive method for detection of molecular changes in cells. The advantage of FTIR microspectroscopy over conventional FTIR spect...
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DNA Affinity Purification of Epstein-Barr Virus OriP-Binding Proteins
DNA affinity purification has been used to identify cellular and viral proteins associated with the Epstein-Barr virus origin of plasmid DNA replication. This approach allows for a one- or two-step purificatio...
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Detection and Quantification of the Rare Latently Infected Cell Undergoing Herpes Simplex Virus Transcriptional Activation in the Nervous System In Vivo
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), in contrast to most other members of the herpes virus family, has the ability to infect, enter latency, and reactivate from latency in a number of nonhuman species, including mice. ...
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Design of a Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Long Oligonucleotide-Based Microarray
The design and construction of a long (75-mer) oligonucleotide-based DNA microarray for herpes simplex virus type 2 transcripts is described. This array is utilized to generate an analysis of HSV-2 transcript ...
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Construction of a Gene Inactivation Library for Bovine herpesvirus 1 Using Infectious Clone Technology
The application of infectious clone technology to herpesvirus biology has revolutionized the study of these viruses. Previously the ability to manipulate these large DNA viruses was limited to methods dependen...
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Pre-B-Cell Colony Formation Assay
Latent membrane protein 2A (LMP-2A) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) mimics a constitutively active B-cell receptor (BCR) and plays a key role in viral latency and EBV pathogenesis. By functioning as a BCR mimic, L...
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The JC Virus-Like Particle Overlay Assay
JC virus (JCV) belongs to the family of double-stranded DNA polyomaviruses and in humans causes a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). It has b...
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Human Papillomavirus Type 31 Life Cycle Methods for Study Using Tissue Culture Models
The life cycle of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) has been difficult to study in tissue culture owing to its dependence on epithelial differentiation. In this chapter several methods are described to imitate the...
