31 Result(s)
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Medicine & Public Health
Gynecology
Metabolic Diseases
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Conference Paper
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Endothelial Cells as Part of a Vascular Oxygen-Sensing System: Hypoxia-Induced Release of Autacoids
A continuous oxygen supply is of vital importance for the integrity and the function of cells. It is, therefore, not surprising that the circulatory system makes use various central and local control mechanism...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Laser Doppler Flowmetry and Fetal Oxygenation
Due to the inaccessibility of the fetus, continuous direct monitoring of the carotid arterial blood pH and gas values is not yet feasible. Information on the fetal arterial pH and blood gas values can be obtai...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Regulation of Perinatal Pulmonary Blood Flow: Role of Oxygen
In the fetus, respiratory gas exchange occurs in the placenta and not in the lung. Consequently, relative to the normally high pulmonary vascular resistance, pulmonary flow is low (about 35 ml/min per kilogram...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Development of Chemoreflexes Affecting Breathing: Influence of Chronic Hypoxia
The effects of acute hypoxia on fetal breathing (see Dawes 1984) and neonatal breathing (see Haddad and Mellins 1984; Rigatto 1984) are well established. This information comes from the effects of exposure of ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Oxygen and Animal Metabolism: General and Comparative Aspects
Oxygen is the most abundant chemical element in the earth’s crust, it accounts for about 47% of the weight of the solid crust, and 88.8% of the hydrosphere. Bound in these inorganic compounds, oxygen cannot be...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Oxygen Deficiency During Fetal Development and Delivery — Speculations About Clinical Conditions
There is no doubt that fetal development is dependent on a sufficient oxygen supply. This includes ovulation, the passage through the fallopian tube, implantation, and placentation itself. The establishment of...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Maternal Respiration — Its Effect on the Fetus
In 1876 Paul Zweifel, then a coworker of Hoppe-Seyler in Strasbourg in the Archives for Gynecology, reported on the spectroscopic determination of the typical oxygen absorption bands in the umbilical blood bef...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Interpretation of FHR Patterns of SGA Fetuses in Correlation to Fetal Blood Gas Values Obtained Via Cordocentesis
In the management ofd pregnancies with small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses, the aim is to distinguish between normal small babies, not at risk of perinatal death or chronic handicap, and fetuses whose grow...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
The Response and Vulnerability of Cerebral Blood Vessels to Fetal Hypoxemia
During the early part of this century, cranial trauma and asphyxia during birth were the most frequent phenomena in perinatal pathology. Atraumatic bleeding into the ventricles was regarded as an uncommon phen...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Fetal Hypoxemia as a Signal for Parturition
Alterations in oxygenation are known to influence directly prostaglandin (PG) production by tissues such as fetal and neonatal lung cells, and by the fetal brain. However, at the present time there is no syste...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Fetal Heat Flux and Oxygen Tension During Asphyxia
The literal meaning of asphyxia is “not to throb” or a “stop** of the pulse”. In clinical terms, asphyxia refers to the loss of consciousness as a result of too little oxygen. Today and during the intrapartu...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Dynamics of Circulatory Centralization During Acute Asphyxia in Preterm and Term Fetal Sheep
In fetal sheep near term (term is at 147 days), acute asphyxia caused by reduction in uterine blood flow increases both sympathetic activity and arterial blood pressure and decreases blood flow to peripheral o...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Indications for the Involvement of a Hemoprotein as an Oxygen Pressure Sensor Protein in the Carotid Body
The carotid body located at the carotid sinus can transduce changes in oxygen pressure (pO2) in the arterial blood into nervous signals regulating respiration and circulation in order to avoid hypoxic situations ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Plasma and Tissue Concentrations of Catecholamines During Normoxemia, Hypoxemia, and Asphyxia in Fetal Guinea Pigs Near Term
Fetal guinea pigs are frequently used for perinatal investigations, but little is known about the function of their sympathetic nervous system during hypoxemia and asphyxia. To examine the responses of the sym...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Oxygen Availability Determines Oxygen Consumption of Fetal Skeletal Muscle Cells in Monolayer Culture: Preliminary Report
In a previous study on the effects of asphyxia on unanesthetized fetal sheep Jensen et al. (1987) showed that reduced oxygen delivery to peripheral organs reduces total oxygen consumption. This observation sug...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Oxygen Transport in the Early Embryo
This chapter provides a short review of oxygen transport conditions during the early embryonic development of the chick. Since mammalian embryos cannot be investigated in situ during the period of organogenesi...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Blood Flow to the Yolk Sac Placenta as a Function of Arterial Oxygen Content
The yolk sac shrivels and disappears early in human development, but in other mammals it is retained until term and participates in fetomaternal exchange. The vitelline vessels which supply the inverted yolk s...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Cardiovascular Responses to Acute Asphyxia in Carotid Sinus Denervated and Intact Fetal Sheep Near Term
Acute fetal asphyxia from occlusion of uterine blood flow produces a rapid fetal peripheral vasoconstriction, a decrease in heart rate (HR) and an increase in arterial blood pressure (ABP) (Jensen et al. 1987)...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Fetal Oxygen Supply — Historical Considerations
“A history of fetal respiration: from Harvey’s question (1651) to Zweifel’s answer (1876)” is the headline of a report on research on fetal respiration given by Donald H. Barron on the occasion of a symposium ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Restricted Fetal Oxygen Supply: A Cause of Intrauterine Growth Retardation?
This chapter focuses on the interaction between oxygen and/or substrate delivery and fetal growth. It begins with a brief review of experimental data dealing with chronic reductions in oxygen and substrate del...
