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Chapter
Long-Term Atmospheric Transport and Deposition of Heavy Metals in Central Europe
The so-called “Black Triangle” (BT) region covers the southern part of the former German Democratic Republic, south-western Poland and the northern part of Bohemia (Czech Republic). The BT, together with the h...
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Chapter
Severe Nuclear Accident Program (SNAP) a Real Time Dispersion Model
The Chernobyl nuclear accident in April/May 1986 showed that Norway was not well prepared for this kind of emergency situation1. Scientists who had relevant information felt frustrated because there was no clear ...
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Chapter
Model Simulation of the Atmospheric Input of Trace Metals into the North, Baltic, Mediterranean and Black Seas
Since the middle of this century, energy generation, industrial production and transportation have caused serious environmental contamination by trace elements including heavy metals. The rate of contamination...
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Chapter
Results from a Climatological Model of Heavy Metals in Europe’s Atmosphere
There is increasing observational evidence that heavy metals’ air emissions cause not only local contamination, but also travel long distances in Europe and contribute to widespread, although low-level, contam...
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Chapter
Modeling Heavy Metals in Europe’s Atmosphere: A Combined Trajectory-Climatologic Approach
The long range transport of heavy metals in the atmosphere leads to low but steady deposition of heavy metals into soils, lakes and forests in Europe. Although their atmospheric fluxes are low, these metals ca...
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Chapter
Long Range Transport of Heavy Metals from Poland Computed by an Eulerian Model
The modeling activity on the long range transport of air pollutants has been mainly focused on sulfur and nitrogen oxides for the past several years. Compared to sulfur and nitrogen, much less development can ...