26 Result(s)
within
Article
Halûk Özkaynak
-
Article
Mouthing activity data for children age 3 to <6 years old and fraction of hand area mouthed for children age <6 years old in Taiwan
Non-dietary ingestion is an important exposure pathway for children owing to their frequent hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth activities involving soil and dust contacts. We used videota** and the computer-b...
-
Article
Soil ingestion rates for children under 3 years old in Taiwan
Soil and dust ingestion rates by children are among the most critical exposure factors in determining risks to children from exposures to environmental contaminants in soil and dust. We believe this is the fir...
-
Article
The importance of the exposure metric in air pollution epidemiology studies: When does it matter, and why?
Exposure error in ambient air pollution epidemiologic studies may introduce bias and/or attenuation of the health risk estimate, reduce statistical significance, and lower statistical power. Alternative exposu...
-
Article
Mouthing activity data for children aged 7 to 35 months in Taiwan
Young children’s mouthing activities thought to be among the most important exposure pathways. Unfortunately, mouthing activity studies have only been conducted in a few countries. In the current study, we use...
-
Article
Evaluation and application of alternative air pollution exposure metrics in air pollution epidemiology studies
-
Article
Refined ambient PM2.5 exposure surrogates and the risk of myocardial infarction
Using a case-crossover study design and conditional logistic regression, we compared the relative odds of transmural (full-wall) myocardial infarction (MI) calculated using exposure surrogates that account for...
-
Article
Development and evaluation of alternative approaches for exposure assessment of multiple air pollutants in Atlanta, Georgia
Measurements from central site (CS) monitors are often used as estimates of exposure in air pollution epidemiological studies. As these measurements are typically limited in their spatiotemporal resolution, tr...
-
Article
Spatiotemporally resolved air exchange rate as a modifier of acute air pollution-related morbidity in Atlanta
Epidemiological studies frequently use central site concentrations as surrogates of exposure to air pollutants. Variability in air pollutant infiltration due to differential air exchange rates (AERs) is potent...
-
Article
Associations between summertime ambient pollutants and respiratory morbidity in New York City: Comparison of results using ambient concentrations versus predicted exposures
Epidemiological analyses of air quality often estimate human exposure from ambient monitoring data, potentially leading to exposure misclassification and subsequent bias in estimated health risks. To investiga...
-
Article
Air pollution exposure prediction approaches used in air pollution epidemiology studies
Epidemiological studies of the health effects of outdoor air pollution have traditionally relied upon surrogates of personal exposures, most commonly ambient concentration measurements from central-site monito...
-
Article
Exposure prediction approaches used in air pollution epidemiology studies: Key findings and future recommendations
Many epidemiologic studies of the health effects of exposure to ambient air pollution use measurements from central-site monitors as their exposure estimate. However, measurements from central-site monitors ma...
-
Article
Application of alternative spatiotemporal metrics of ambient air pollution exposure in a time-series epidemiological study in Atlanta
Exposure error in studies of ambient air pollution and health that use city-wide measures of exposure may be substantial for pollutants that exhibit spatiotemporal variability. Alternative spatiotemporal metri...
-
Article
Influence of human activity patterns, particle composition, and residential air exchange rates on modeled distributions of PM2.5 exposure compared with central-site monitoring data
Central-site monitors do not account for factors such as outdoor-to-indoor transport and human activity patterns that influence personal exposures to ambient fine-particulate matter (PM2.5). We describe and compa...
-
Article
The use of improved exposure factors in the interpretation of fine particulate matter epidemiological results
Multi-city population-based epidemiological studies have consistently reported a significant association between ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations and daily mortality. However, in these studi...
-
Article
Impact of NOx emissions reduction policy on hospitalizations for respiratory disease in New York State
To date, only a limited number of studies have examined the impact of ambient pollutant policy on respiratory morbidities. This accountability study examined the effect of a regional pollution control policy, ...
-
Article
Variability in the fraction of ambient fine particulate matter found indoors and observed heterogeneity in health effect estimates
Exposure to ambient (outdoor-generated) fine particulate matter (PM2.5) occurs predominantly indoors. The variable efficiency with which ambient PM2.5 penetrates and persists indoors is a source of exposure error...
-
Article
Air pollution and health: bridging the gap from sources to health outcomes: conference summary
“Air Pollution and Health: Bridging the Gap from Sources to Health Outcomes,” an international specialty conference sponsored by the American Association for Aerosol Research, was held to address key uncertain...
-
Article
A participant-based approach to indoor/outdoor air monitoring in community health studies
Community health studies of traffic-related air pollution have been hampered by the cost and participant burden associated with collecting household-level exposure data. The current study utilized a participan...
-
Article
Use of health information in air pollution health research: Past successes and emerging needs
In September 2006, the US Environmental Protection Agency and the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) co-organized a symposium on “Air Pollution Exposure and Health.” The main objective of this symposium was ...
-
Article
Exposure information in environmental health research: Current opportunities and future directions for particulate matter, ozone, and toxic air pollutants
Understanding and quantifying outdoor and indoor sources of human exposure are essential but often not adequately addressed in health effect studies for air pollution. Air pollution epidemiology, risk assessme...
