71 Result(s)
within
Conference Paper
A. Marmarou
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Chapter and Conference Paper
The Metabolic Protection of Hypoxia by Etomidate Evaluated by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Prolonged hypoxia leads to increase of the rate of anaerobic glycolysis and hence the accumulation of lactate. There is a progressive fall in intracellular pH of brain and energy disturbances. The objective of...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Transporting and Monitoring the Head-Injured Patient
Patients with severe brain injury may be at risk during intrahospital transport to imaging facilities [1]. Specialized studies such as stable xenon measurements of cerebral blood flow by computerized tomograph...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Blood Pressure and ICP Dynamics in Severe Head Injury: Relation With CBF Autoregulation
There is controversy about the optimal blood pressure management in severely head-injured patients. Traditionally, high arterial blood pressure has been thought to break down the blood-brain barrier and cause ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Temporary Blood Brain Barrier Damage and Continued Edema Formation in Experimental Closed Head Injury in the Rat
The disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and development of brain edema concomitant with traumatic brain injury has been well established [5,7]. In experimental studies, at least two factors contribute ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Cerebral Blood Volume in Acute Head Injury: Relationship to CBF and ICP
Uncontrollable high ICP due to brain swelling is the single most important factor determining mortality from severe head injury [6, 7]. Yet, it is uncertain what the exact cause of posttraumatic brain swelling...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Traumatic Brain Tissue Acidosis: Experimental and Clinical Studies
We have been focusing on potential metabolic derangement associated with severe head injury and a clinical trial directed toward treating brain tissue acidosis is currently underway. More specifically, we base...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
A Fiberoptic Device Suitable for Subdural Pressure Measurement
The benefit of ICP management has been clearly established in patients with severe brain injury. Elevated ICP above 20 mmHg should be avoided as it has been demonstrated that time above this critical level is ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Cerebral Blood Flow and Glucose Metabolism Following Experimental Head Injury
We have as yet very little information on the changes of local cerebral blood flow (ICBF) and glucose metabolism (ICGU) in the early posttraumatic period in closed head injury. Because of the difficulty in mea...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Functional Exploration of the Internal Jugular Veins
The determination of clearance of metabolites and oxygen in the brain is based on the assumption that a reliable sample of mixed venous blood can be drawn from the internal jugular vein (IJ) [1, 6, 7, 9]. In t...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
The Contribution of Brain Edema to Brain Swelling
The deleterious effect of raised ICP following traumatic brain injury has been well recognized. However, it remains unclear whether the primary disruption of volume homeostasis and subsequent development of pr...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
The Influence of Nosocomial Pneumonia on Outcome of Severely Head-Injured Patients
As the outcome of most patients suffering from severe head injury is determined by the primary brain lesion itself, numerous studies have focussed on the type and severity of this lesion as predictors of outco...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Cerebrovascular Reactivity Assessed by Changes in ICP and Transcranial Doppler
The ability to control ICP following traumatic head injury depends in part on cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR). By definition, cerebrovascular reactivity is defined as the change in blood flow (CBF) per torr c...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Elevated Venous Outflow Pressure in Head Injured Patients
The foundation of our understanding of ICP dynamics rests on the assumption that venous outflow pressure, considered the superior saggital sinus, remains constant. As it is further considered that the cortical...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Experimental Studies for Use of Magnetic Resonance in Brain Water Measurements
The accurate description and quantification of altered brain water resulting from different pathologic conditions is of critical clinical importance. In this work we determined the influence of total water con...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Relationship Between Attenuation Changes on CT and Posttraumatic CSF-CKBB-Activity in Severely Head-Injured Patients
CT-scanning has made it possible to separate the high attenuation of a hematoma from the low attenuation of localized edema. A contusion is usually recognized as scattered areas of high attenuation (blood) wit...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Isolated Stimulation of Glycolysis Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Clinical investigators have postulated that head trauma causes cerebral metabolic derangement, as evidenced by the presence of CSF lactate and brain acidosis (DeSalles et al. 1986). Work in our laboratory (Unt...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Time Course of Brain Tissue Pressure in Temporal Fluid Percussion Injury
Fluid percussion injury is known to produce an immediate rise in systemic blood pressure (MABP) which gradually returns to near normal levels within a 30 minute period (Sullivan et al. 1976, Lewelt et al. 1980...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Effect of Mannitol on Experimental Infusion Edema
The effect of mannitol in reducing brain water has been under considerable scrutiny since the work of Takagi et al. (1983) who reported that mannitol reduced ICP but did not reduce tissue water measured gravim...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Volume/Pressure Rebound with Mannitol in Head Injured Patients with Raised ICP
Mannitol has been shown to improve the pressure/volume status in head injured patients. This improvement in compliance has been considered to be the basis for ICP reduction (Miller et al. 1975). We posed the q...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Effect of Prophylactic Hyperventilation on Outcome in Patients with Severe Head Injury
Severe head injury remains a major problem despite advances in recent years. The mortality of patients with a coma score of eight or less is still between 45–55% (Miller et al. 1981). In an attempt to improve ...
