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Substance Use in Older Adolescence: Overcoming the Prevention Paradox

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Handbook of Substance Misuse and Addictions

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Abstract

Mental disorders, including substance use disorders, frequently arise during adolescence and track into adulthood. Protracted neurodevelopment may prime adolescents toward the substance use and increase the vulnerability to harm. Effective public health efforts to reduce the harms of substance use among young people are critically important. Evidence supporting the effectiveness of substance use prevention for young people is mixed with most evidence supporting universal programs, which target early (12–14 years) to middle (15 years) adolescents. With the recent downward trend in early and mid adolescent substance use, late adolescence now represents the average age of initial substance use exposure and is a critical period to prevent harmful trajectories of substance use. Late adolescence, when young people are in the senior years of their school education, represents an optimal developmental period to intervene; however, age-appropriate interventions targeting late adolescents (16–19 years) are extremely limited. This chapter will assess current approaches to substance use prevention and explore new opportunities to enhance the effectiveness of prevention among both low- and high-risk young people.

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Abbreviations

10–14 years:

Early adolescents

10–19 years:

Adolescents

10–24 years:

Young people

15 years:

Mid adolescents

16–19 years:

Late adolescents

20–24 years:

Young adults

ATS:

Amphetamine-type stimulants

MDMA:

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine

PFC:

Prefrontal cortex

SAMHSA:

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

SANE:

Seductive allure of neuroscience explanations

UK:

United Kingdom

UNODC:

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

USA:

United States

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health & Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia

    Jennifer Debenham, Nicola C. Newton, Katrina E. Champion & Maree Teesson

Authors
  1. Jennifer Debenham
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  2. Nicola C. Newton
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  3. Katrina E. Champion
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  4. Maree Teesson
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Correspondence to Jennifer Debenham .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK

    Vinood B. Patel

  2. School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK

    Victor R. Preedy

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Debenham, J., Newton, N.C., Champion, K.E., Teesson, M. (2022). Substance Use in Older Adolescence: Overcoming the Prevention Paradox. In: Patel, V.B., Preedy, V.R. (eds) Handbook of Substance Misuse and Addictions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92392-1_20

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