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Cyanobacteria as Biofertilizers: Current Research, Commercial Aspects, and Future Challenges

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Advances in Plant Microbiome and Sustainable Agriculture

Part of the book series: Microorganisms for Sustainability ((MICRO,volume 20))

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Abstract

Increase in global human population and depletion of natural resources of energy, the viable supply of food, and energy without posing any threat to the environment is the current demand of our society. With limiting land and growing population, the option of better eco-friendly management tools for increasing soil fertility and agricultural population promises a successful long-term food security. The use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural practices deteriorates environmental qualities. Since microbes have been known to contribute in determining the soil fertility, the structure of soil and sustainable green energy production, microalgae including cyanobacteria emerged as potential candidates for their application in the development of environment-friendly and sustainable agricultural practices. As natural biofertilizer algalization, cyanobacteria play an important role in the maintenance of soil structure by soil aggregation through polysaccharides, enhanced soil fertility, fixing atmospheric nitrogen (N) by reclamation, increase in soil pores by producing adhesive substances, increasing growth by excreting growth promoting hormones (auxin, GA, vitamins, amino acids), increasing water-holding capacity, decreasing soil salinity, increase in soil phosphate by excretion of organic acids, and recycling of solid wastes. Much attention has been paid to study cyanobacteria with beneficial effects in fields like rice, paddy, wheat, soybean, tomato, radish, cotton, maize, sugarcane, and many more. There are research on inoculants of heterocystous cyanobacteria genera, which are used as biofertilizers in crops by enhancing the plant shoot/root length, dry weight, and yield.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Kakatiya University, Warangal, and Krishna University, Machilipatnam, for the support extended.

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  1. All authors have been equally contributed to this chapter.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, India

    Gunaswetha Kuraganti & Sujatha Edla

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Krishna University, Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Veera Bramhachari Pallaval

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Correspondence to Veera Bramhachari Pallaval .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Eternal University, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Ajar Nath Yadav

  2. Department of Molecular and Cell Biochemistry, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

    Ali Asghar Rastegari

  3. Food Nutrition and Engineering, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Neelam Yadav

  4. Department of Biotechnology, Eternal University, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Divjot Kour

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Kuraganti, G., Edla, S., Pallaval, V.B. (2020). Cyanobacteria as Biofertilizers: Current Research, Commercial Aspects, and Future Challenges. In: Yadav, A., Rastegari, A., Yadav, N., Kour, D. (eds) Advances in Plant Microbiome and Sustainable Agriculture. Microorganisms for Sustainability, vol 20. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3204-7_11

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