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Phytoremediation of Xenobiotics: Principles and Applications in Environmental Pollution Removal

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Xenobiotics in Urban Ecosystems

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Abstract

Pollution of the environment in urban ecosystems such as land and water with pesticides, organic pollutants, heavy metals, fertilizers, and radionuclides has become a major concern due to present intensive agricultural methods and industrialization. In order to immobilize, absorb, lessen, or stabilize toxicity or decompose the substances that are released into the urban areas from various sources, a process known as phytoremediation employs plants. Studies have demonstrated that plants can be used for the remediation of heavy metals, organic pollutants, radionuclides, antibiotics, and pesticides. Despite being used for many years, the technology of phytoremediation is still somewhat young. This chapter summarizes information on plant varieties that can be employed in phytoremediation in urban ecosystems using a variety of techniques, tools that can increase the effectiveness of phytoremediation processes, and advantages and disadvantages associated with the use of these methods. Different plants remove various contaminants at varying rates using one or more methods. The limits of phytoremediation can be overcome with the use of a variety of tools, including genetic engineering, natural microbial stimulation, and chemical and natural additives. Phytoremediation can be a dependable option for sustainable and affordable remediation of water and soil from inorganic and organic pollutants due to its low cost compared to traditional technologies and sustainability linked using vegetation and renewable energy sources.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of Technology, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria

    Hadia Hemmami, Ilham Ben Amor, Soumeia Zeghoud & Bachir Ben Seghir

  2. Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria

    Hadia Hemmami, Ilham Ben Amor, Soumeia Zeghoud, Abdelkrim Rebiai, Bachir Ben Seghir & Imane Kouadri

  3. Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria

    Hadia Hemmami, Soumeia Zeghoud & Abdelkrim Rebiai

  4. Laboratory of Biotechnology Biomaterials and Condensed Materials, Faculte de la Technologie, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria

    Ilham Ben Amor

  5. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria

    Abdelkrim Rebiai & Mohammad Messaoudi

  6. Laboratory of Industrial Analysis and Materials Engineering (LAIGM), University of 8 May 1945, Guelma, Guelma, Algeria

    Bachir Ben Seghir

  7. Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of 8 May 1945, Guelma, Guelma, Algeria

    Imane Kouadri

  8. Nuclear Research Centre of Birine, Ain Oussera, Djelfa, Algeria

    Mohammad Messaoudi

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  1. Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

    Rishikesh Singh

  2. Department of Environmental Studies, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Pardeep Singh

  3. Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sachchidanand Tripathi

  4. Department of Forestry, Wildlife & Environmental Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India

    K. K. Chandra

  5. Department of Environmental Studies, Delhi College of Arts and Commerce University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Rahul Bhadouria

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Hemmami, H. et al. (2023). Phytoremediation of Xenobiotics: Principles and Applications in Environmental Pollution Removal. In: Singh, R., Singh, P., Tripathi, S., Chandra, K.K., Bhadouria, R. (eds) Xenobiotics in Urban Ecosystems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35775-6_13

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