Abstract
Heat-affected zone (HAZ) has adverse effects on the bonding of microfluidic devices and the transmission of fluids through the devices during operation. This results in microfluidic products of poor quality and low accuracy. This study employed adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to investigate HAZ in CO2 laser micromachining of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). An aluminium wire of 99.95% purity was used for coating the PMMA substrates. The thickness of the coating was 500 nm. The effects of pulse rate (800, 900, and 1000 pulses per inch), speed (10, 15, and 20 mm/s), and power (1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 W) on HAZ were examined. Response surface methodology was used for designing the experiments. A total of 54 experiments were conducted. The ANFIS model was developed in the ANFIS toolbox in MATLAB R2022a. Gaussian membership function (gaussmf) type was used. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to investigate the significance of the inputs on HAZ. Among the inputs, the most significant one is power proceeded by speed and pulse rate. The accuracy of the generated ANFIS model was investigated using the mean absolute error (MAE), correlation coefficient (R), and mean relative error (MRE). MAE, R and MRE were obtained as 0.485, 0.999991 (R2 = 0.999982), and 0.003306 respectively. The root mean square error (RMSE) was 0.478169 and 0.898504 for the training data and checking data respectively. Thus, the developed ANFIS model predicts the values of HAZ width with high accuracy.
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Acknowledgements
Heartfelt appreciation is extended to JICA for the TICAD7 scholarship offered to the first author. The valuable assistance offered by the Science and Technology Development Fund (STDF-12417) project is acknowledged. Special thanks go to Shimaa Elsayed Ibrahim, Alwala Amos, and Moataz Abdel Karim for their vital support.
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JLO: conceptualization, methodology, software, data curation, visualization, formal analysis, investigation, validation, writing-original draft preparation. AMFE-B: supervision, resources, project administration, writing-reviewing, and editing. MY: supervision, writing-reviewing, and editing. HAE-H: supervision, resources, project administration, writing–revision, and editing.
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Okello, J.L., El-Bab, A.M.R.F., Yoshino, M. et al. Modelling of heat-affected zone (HAZ) in CO2 laser micromachining of aluminium-coated polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Multiscale and Multidiscip. Model. Exp. and Des. 7, 617–629 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41939-023-00234-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41939-023-00234-0