SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of Double-Aging Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Tribological Behaviour of Cold Sprayed IN718 Coating

  • Published:
Metals and Materials International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this work, the effect of double-aging (DA) heat treatment on the microstructure and the tribological behaviour of cold-sprayed Inconel 718 (IN718) coating was studied and compared with hot-rolled IN718. After double-aging, the dendrite structure of the as-sprayed coating was modified and secondary phases such as γʹ, γʺ, and δ phases were formed. The microhardness of the coating improved after double-aging and was higher than the double-aged IN718 due to the leftover microstrain in the coating. Sliding wear tests were carried out at room temperature (RT) and 600 °C using a ball-on-disc tribometer with alumina balls. The double-aged coating had improved wear resistance than the as-sprayed coating and the double-aged substrate at room temperature. At 600 °C, the wear rate of the hot-rolled IN718 was marginally lower than the as-sprayed coating due to the formation of a comparatively thick mechanically mixed layer (MML) reinforced with Al2O3 which was more protective in nature. The double-aging treatment improved the wear resistance of the coating significantly at 600 °C and its wear rate was comparable to that of the double-aged substrate. The substrate and the coating undergo a combination of abrasive and tribo-oxidative wear at RT. At 600 °C, the wear mechanism involves a combination of oxidative and abrasive modes. Raman analysis revealed that the oxide formed on the wear track consisted of NiO and Fe3O4 at RT, and the glaze layer formed during high-temperature wear consisted of a mixture of the NiFexCr2-xO4 spinel and Fe3O4.

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Germany)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. E. Akca, A. Gürsel, Period. Eng. Nat. Sci. 3, 15 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  2. K. Chen, J. Dong, Z. Yao, Met. Mater. Int. 27, 970 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. S. Liu, J. Wang, J. Zhang, M. Sun, B. Xu, D. Li, Corros. Sci. 200, 110216 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. D.-H. Kim, J.-H. Kim, J.-W. Sa, Y.-S. Lee, C.-K. Park, S.-I. Moon, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 483–484, 262 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. R.E. Schafrik, D.D. Ward, J.R. Groh, Proc. Int. Symp. Superalloys Var. Deriv. 1, 1 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  6. W. Sun, A.W.-Y. Tan, D.J.Y. King, N.W. Khun, A. Bhowmik, I. Marinescu, E. Liu, Surf. Coat. Tech. 385, 125386 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Y. Geng, X. Dong, K. Wang, X. Yan, W. Duan, Z. Fan, W. Wang, X. Mei, Surf. Coat. Tech. 370, 244 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. S. Vezzù, S. Rech, E. Vedelago, G.P. Zanon, G. Alfeo, A. Scialpi, R. Huang, Surf. Eng. 30, 342 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. J.-E. Ahn, Y.-K. Kim, S.-H. Yoon, K.-A. Lee, Met. Mater. Int. 27, 2406 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. V.K. Champagne (ed.), The cold Spray Materials Deposition Process: Fundamentals and Applications (Woodhead Publishing, Sawston, 2007). https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845693787

  11. X.-T. Luo, M.-L. Yao, N. Ma, M. Takahashi, C.-J. Li, Mater. Des. 155, 384 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Bagherifard, S. Monti, M.V. Zuccoli, M. Riccio, J. Kondás, M. Guagliano, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 721, 339 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. R. Singh, S. Schruefer, S. Wilson, J. Gibmeier, R. Vassen, Surf. Coat. Tech. 350, 64 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. D. Levasseur, S. Yue, M. Brochu, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 556, 343 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. W. Wong, E. Irissou, J.-G. Legoux, F. Bernier, P. Vo, S. Yue, S. Michiyoshi, H. Fukanuma, Cold spray forming inconel 718, in Proceedings of the International Spray Conference and Exposition: Thermal Spray 2012, ed. by R.S. Lima, A. Agarwal, M.M. Hyland, Y.-C. Lau, C.-J. Li, A. McDonald, F.-L. Toma. Houston, 21-24 May 2012 (ASM International, Almere, 2012), pp. 243–248. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2012p0243

  16. W. Sun, A. Bhowmik, A.W.Y. Tan, R. Li, F. Xue, I. Marinescu, E. Liu, J. Alloys Compd. 797, 1268 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. W. Sun, A.W.-Y. Tan, A. Bhowmik, F. Xue, I. Marinescu, E. Liu, Surf. Coat. Tech. 378, 125065 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. G.N. Devi, S. Kumar, T.S. Balaji, T.B. Mangalarapu, S.B. Chandrasekhar, A.V. Gopal, A. Jyothirmayi, Surf. Coat. Tech. 445, 128731 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Rajeev G.P., Kamaraj M., S.R. Bakshi, Surf. Coat. Tech. 375, 383 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. S.K. Sharma, K. Biswas, J.D. Majumdar, Met. Mater. Int. 27, 5360 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. H.Y. Bor, C.N. Wei, H.T. Nguyen, A.C. Yeh, C.M. Kuo, Aging effects on the γ′ and γ″ precipitates of Inconel 718 superalloy, in Proceedings of the 7th International Svmposium on Superalloy 718 and Derivatives, ed. by E.A. Ott, J.R. Groh, A. Banik, I. Dempster, T.P. Gabb, R. Helmink, X. Liu, A. Mitchell, G.P. Sjöberg, A. Wusatowska-Sarnek. Pittsburgh, 10-13 October 2010 (TMS, Pittsburgh, 2010), pp. 679–688

  22. H. Qi, X. Zhou, J. Li, Y. Hu, L. Xu, Materials 14, 5188 (2021)

  23. R. Huang, M. Sone, W. Ma, H. Fukanuma, Surf. Coat. Tech. 261, 278 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. X. Li, J.J. Shi, C.H. Wang, G.H. Cao, A.M. Russel, Z.J. Zhou, C.P. Li, G.F. Chen, J. Alloys Compd. 764, 639 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. W.C. Liu, M. Yao, Z.L. Chen, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 30, 31 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. N. Ergin, O. Ozdemir, S. Demirkiran, S. Sen, U. Sen, Acta Phys. Pol. A 127, 1100 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. P.E. Aba-Perea, T. Pirling, P.J. Withers, J. Kelleher, S. Kabra, M. Preuss, Mater. Des. 89, 856 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. D. Xu, H. Wang, X. Tao, Z. Yao, S. Zhang, M. Oleksander, Met. Mater. Int. 27, 1263 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. N. Jeyaprakash, C.-H. Yang, K.R. Ramkumar, Mater. Sci. Technol. 37, 326 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. G. Straffelini, Friction and Wear: Methodologies for Design and Control (Springer, Cham, 2015)

  31. F.H. Stott, Tribol. Int. 31, 61 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. F.H. Stott, G.C. Wood, Tribol. Int. 11, 211 (1978)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. F.H. Stott, Tribol. Int. 35, 489 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. S. Cui, Y. Liu, T. Wang, K. Tieu, L. Wang, D. Zeng, Z. Li, W. Li, Friction 10, 436 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. J. Hardell, S. Hernandez, S. Mozgovoy, L. Pelcastre, C. Courbon, B. Prakash, Wear 330–331, 223 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. S.A. Alidokht, R.R. Chromik, Wear 477, 203792 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. D. Shrestha, F. Azarmi, X.W. Tangpong, J. Therm. Spray Technol. 31, 197 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. L.V. Gasparov, D.B. Tanner, D.B. Romero, H. Berger, G. Margaritondo, L. Forró, Phys. Rev. B 62, 7939 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. A.M. Jubb, H.C. Allen, ACS Appl, Mater. Interfaces 2, 2804 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. J. Kim, K.J. Choi, C.B. Bahn, J.H. Kim, J. Nucl. Mater. 449, 181 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. B.D. Hosterman, Raman Spectroscopic Study of Solid Solution Spinel Oxides, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Nevada (2011)

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge MHRD (Ministry of Human Resource Development), India and General Electric (Aviation) for funding this research work under the UAY (Ucchatar Avishkar Yojana) scheme (Project No: MET1617149MUAYMKAM).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Surface Modifications and Additive Research Technologies Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India

    Alwin Balasundaram, Aviral Bisht, Srinivasa R. Bakshi & M. Kamaraj

  2. GE Aviation, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India

    M. Anantharaman

Authors
  1. Alwin Balasundaram
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Aviral Bisht
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Anantharaman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Srinivasa R. Bakshi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. M. Kamaraj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Srinivasa R. Bakshi or M. Kamaraj.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Balasundaram, A., Bisht, A., Anantharaman, M. et al. Effect of Double-Aging Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Tribological Behaviour of Cold Sprayed IN718 Coating. Met. Mater. Int. 30, 483–500 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-023-01507-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-023-01507-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation