Abstract
The evolved in-situ phases may tune the structural parameters and magnetic properties of the ferrite-BaTiO3 based composite. Here, CoFe2O4 is prepared, and its particle size is modified by calcination temperature. Further, it investigates the influence of CoFe2O4 particle size on the development of in-situ phases in ferrite-BaTiO3 based composite prepared via an ex-situ gel- combustion and studies its structural parameters as well as magnetic properties at different calcination temperatures. In-situ phases such as plate-like morphologies of barium hexaferrite and hexagonal barium titanate are evolved along with polyhedral barium titanate and cobalt ferrite in these composites, but the development of these in-situ phases is found to be dependent on the particle size of CoFe2O4 as well as calcination temperature of the composite powders. Structural parameters, crystallite size, particle size, weight% of phases, and M-H loop as a function of the calcination temperature of these composites have been studied in detail.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10832-024-00352-2/MediaObjects/10832_2024_352_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10832-024-00352-2/MediaObjects/10832_2024_352_Figa_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10832-024-00352-2/MediaObjects/10832_2024_352_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10832-024-00352-2/MediaObjects/10832_2024_352_Fig4_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10832-024-00352-2/MediaObjects/10832_2024_352_Fig5_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10832-024-00352-2/MediaObjects/10832_2024_352_Fig6_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10832-024-00352-2/MediaObjects/10832_2024_352_Figb_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10832-024-00352-2/MediaObjects/10832_2024_352_Fig8_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files]. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
References
D.K. Pradhan, S. Kumari, P.D. Rack, Magnetoelectric Composites: Applications, Coupling Mechanisms, and, F. Directions, Nanomaterials. 10 (2020) 2072. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10102072
M. Fiebig, Revival of the magnetoelectric effect. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 38 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/38/8/R01
W. Eerenstein, N.D. Mathur, J.F. Scott, Multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials. Nature. 442, 759–765 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05023
J.F. Scott, Multiferroic memories. Nat. Mater. 6, 256–257 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1868
H. Palneedi, V. Annapureddy, S. Priya, J. Ryu, Status and perspectives of Multiferroic Magnetoelectric Composite materials and applications. Actuators. 5, 9 (2016). https://doi.org/10.3390/act5010009
M. Saadat-Safa, V. Nayyeri, M. Khanjarian, M. Soleimani, O.M. Ramahi, Full Characterization of Magneto-Dielectric Materials Using a Novel CSRR Based Sensor, in: 2018 9th Int. Symp. Telecommun., IEEE, 2018: pp. 442–446. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTEL.2018.8660979
G. Schileo, Recent developments in ceramic multiferroic composites based on core/shell and other heterostructures obtained by sol-gel routes. Prog Solid State Chem. 41, 87–98 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2013.09.001
V.G. Shrimali, K. Gadani, K.N. Rathod, B. Rajyaguru, A.D. Joshi, D.D. Pandya, P.S. Solanki, N.A. Shah, Sintering effect and magnetodielectric studies on nanostructured BiFe0.95Co0.05O3. Mater. Chem. Phys. 228, 98–109 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.02.040
T. Ramesh, V. Madhavi, P. Neelima, K.N. Kumar, N.B. Reddy, G.V. Zyryanov, Effect of sintering temperature on the magnetodielectric performance of nickel ferrite, in: 2022: p. 020064. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0068977
Z. Zeng, H. Wu, C. Zhou, X. Qin, J. He, C. Ji, X. Deng, R. Gao, C. Fu, W. Cai, G. Chen, Z. Wang, X. Lei, Effect of sintering temperature on magnetoelectric properties of PbTiO 3 /NiFe 2 O 4 composite ceramics. J. Asian Ceram. Soc. 8, 1206–1215 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/21870764.2020.1833416
M. Lan, Z. Zeng, Q. Zhang, G. Sun, H. Wu, H. Ao, X. Deng, R. Gao, W. Cai, Z. Wang, C. Fu, X. Lei, G. Chen, Effect of sintering temperature on magnetoelectric properties of barium ferrite ceramics. J. Mater. Res. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-022-00679-y
C. Elena Ciomaga, A. Maria Neagu, M. Valentin Pop, M. Airimioaei, S. Tascu, G. Schileo, C. Galassi, L. Mitoseriu, Ferroelectric and dielectric properties of ferrite-ferroelectric ceramic composites. J. Appl. Phys. 113, 074103 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4792494
M. Naveed-Ul-Haq, V.V. Shvartsman, S. Salamon, H. Wende, H. Trivedi, A. Mumtaz, D.C. Lupascu, A new (ba, ca) (Ti, Zr)O3 based multiferroic composite with large magnetoelectric effect. Sci. Rep. 6, 32164 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep32164
S. Pachari, S.K. Pratihar, B.B. Nayak, Magnetocapacitance response in ex-situ combustion derived BaTiO3-ferrite magnetodielectric composite. IEEE Trans. Magn. 58, 1–11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2022.3208707
S. Pachari, S.K. Pratihar, B.B. Nayak, Microstructure and magnetoresistance driven magnetocapacitance in ex-situ combustion derived BaTiO3-CoFe2O4 bulk magnetodielectric composites. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 561, 169735 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2022.169735
H. Ke, H. Zhang, J. Zhou, D. Jia, Y. Zhou, Room-temperature multiferroic and magnetodielectric properties of SrTiO3/NiFe2O4 composite ceramics. Ceram. Int. 45, 8238–8242 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.01.127
Z. Fang, S.G. Lu, F. Li, S. Datta, Q.M. Zhang, M.E. Tahchi, Enhancing the magnetoelectric response of Metglas/polyvinylidene fluoride laminates by exploiting the flux concentration effect. Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112903 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3231614
D.K. Pradhan, S. Sahoo, S.K. Barik, V.S. Puli, P. Misra, R.S. Katiyar, Studies on magnetoelectric coupling in PFN-NZFO composite at room temperature. J. Appl. Phys. 115, 194105 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4875661
S. Pachari, S.K. Pratihar, B.B. Nayak, Enhanced magneto-capacitance response in BaTiO 3 –ferrite composite systems. RSC Adv. 5, 105609–105617 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA16742F
H. Ryu, P. Murugavel, J.H. Lee, S.C. Chae, T.W. Noh, Y.S. Oh, H.J. Kim, K.H. Kim, J.H. Jang, M. Kim, C. Bae, J.-G. Park, Magnetoelectric effects of nanoparticulate pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3–NiFe2O4 composite films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 102907 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2338766
P. Esther Rubavathi, L. Venkidu, M. Veera Gajendra Babu, R. Venkat Raman, B. Bagyalakshmi, S.M. Abdul Kader, K. Baskar, M. Muneeswaran, N.V. Giridharan, B. Sundarakannan, Structure, morphology and magnetodielectric investigations of BaTi1 – xFexO3 – δ ceramics. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 30, 5706–5717 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-00864-6
S. Rajan, P.M.M. Gazzali, L. Okrasa, G. Chandrasekaran, Multiferroic and magneto-dielectric properties in Fe doped BaTiO3. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 29, 11215–11228 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-9208-8
P.R. Mandal, T.K. Nath, Enhanced magnetocapacitance and dielectric property of Co 0.65Zn0.35Fe2O4-PbZr 0.52Ti0.48O3 magnetodielectric composites. J. Alloys Compd. 599, 71–77 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.02.036
N. Shara Sowmya, A. Srinivas, K. Venu Gopal Reddy, J. Paul Praveen, D. Das, S. Dinesh Kumar, V. Subramanian, S.V.V. Kamat, Magnetoelectric coupling studies on (x) (0.5BZT-0.5BCT) – (100-x) NiFe2O4 [x = 90 – 70 wt%] particulate composite. Ceram. Int. 43, 2523–2528 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.11.054
R. Gao, X. Qin, Q. Zhang, Z. Xu, Z. Wang, C. Fu, G. Chen, X. Deng, W. Cai, Enhancement of magnetoelectric properties of (1-x)Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4-xBa0.85Sr0.15Ti0.9Hf0.1O3 composite ceramics. J. Alloys Compd. 795, 501–512 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.05.013
L. He, D. Zhou, H. Yang, Y. Niu, F. **ang, H. Wang, Low-temperature sintering Li 2 MoO 4 /Ni 0.5 zn 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 Magneto-Dielectric composites for high-frequency application. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 97, 2552–2556 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.12981
P.S.V.L. Mathe, Effect of co-sintering time on magnetoelectric response of Pb 0.895 Sr 0.06 La 0.03 (zr 0.56,Ti 0.44)o 3 multilayer–Ni 0.6 zn 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 composite fabricated by tape casting. J. Appl. Phys. 126, 084106 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5099299
J. Yu, L. Bai, R. Gao, Effect of sintering temperature on magnetoelectric coupling in 0.2Ni0.9Zn0.1Fe2O4-0.8Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 composite ceramics. Process. Appl. Ceram. 14, 336–345 (2020). https://doi.org/10.2298/PAC2004336Y
Y. Deng, J. Zhou, D. Wu, Y.Y. Du, M. Zhang, D. Wang, H. Yu, S. Tang, Y.Y. Du, Three-dimensional phases-connectivity and strong magnetoelectric response of self-assembled feather-like CoFe2O4–BaTiO3 nanostructures. Chem. Phys. Lett. 496, 301–305 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2010.07.048
S. Haffer, C. Lüder, T. Walther, R. Köferstein, S.G. Ebbinghaus, M. Tiemann, A synthesis concept for a nanostructured CoFe2O4/BaTiO3 composite: towards multiferroics. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 196, 300–304 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2014.05.023
K. Raidongia, A. Nag, A. Sundaresan, C.N.R. Rao, Multiferroic and magnetoelectric properties of core-shell CoFe2 O4 @ BaTiO3 nanocomposites. Appl. Phys. Lett. 97 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3478231
V. Corral-Flores, D. Bueno-Baques, D. Carrillo-Flores, J.A. Matutes-Aquino, Enhanced magnetoelectric effect in core-shell particulate composites. J. Appl. Phys. 99 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2165147
M.M. Selvi, P. Manimuthu, K.S. Kumar, C. Venkateswaran, Magnetodielectric properties of CoFe2O4-BaTiO 3 core-shell nanocomposite. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 369, 155–161 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2014.06.039
M.D. Rather, R. Samad, B. Want, Improved magnetoelectric effect in ytterbium doped BaTiO3 –CoFe2O4 particulate multiferroic composites. J. Alloys Compd. 755, 89–99 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.04.289
H. Wu, R. Xu, C. Zhou, S. **ng, Z. Zeng, H. Ao, W. Li, X. Qin, R. Gao, Effect of core size on the magnetoelectric properties of Cu0.8Co0.2Fe2O4@Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 ceramics. J. Phys. Chem. Solids. 160, 110314 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2021.110314
L.V. Leonel, A. Righi, W.N. Mussel, J.B. Silva, N.D.S. Mohallem, Structural characterization of barium titanate–cobalt ferrite composite powders. Ceram. Int. 37, 1259–1264 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.01.017
S. Mazumder, G. Battacharyya, Magnetoelectric behavior in in situ grown piezoelectric and piezomagnetic composite-phase system. Mater. Res. Bull. 38, 303–310 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-5408(02)01048-6
J. Van Den Boomgaard, D.R. Terrell, R.A.J. Born, H.F.J.I. Giller, An in situ grown eutectic magnetoelectric composite material. J. Mater. Sci. 9, 1705–1709 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00540770
D. Ghosh, H. Han, J.C. Nino, G. Subhash, J.L. Jones, Synthesis of BaTiO3-20wt%CoFe2O4 nanocomposites via spark plasma sintering. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 95, 2504–2509 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05221.x
S. Mohan, P.A. Joy, Magnetic properties of sintered CoFe 2 O 4 –BaTiO 3 particulate magnetoelectric composites. Ceram. Int. 45, 12307–12311 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.03.145
M.T. Buscaglia, V. Buscaglia, L. Curecheriu, P. Postolache, L. Mitoseriu, A.C. Ianculescu, B.S. Vasile, Z. Zhe, P. Nanni, Fe2O3@BaTiO3 core-shell particles as reactive precursors for the preparation of multifunctional composites containing different magnetic phases. Chem. Mater. 22, 4740–4748 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1021/cm1011982
H. Zheng, W.J. Weng, G.R. Han, P.Y. Du, Crucial role of percolation transition on the formation and electromagnetic properties of BaTiO3/Ni0.5Zn0.47Fe2O4 ceramic composites, Ceram. Int. 41, 1511–1519 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.09.086
H. Yang, H. Wang, L. He, X. Yao, Hexagonal BaTiO 3/Ni 0.8Zn 0.2Fe 2O 4 composites with giant dielectric constant and high permeability. Mater. Chem. Phys. 134, 777–782 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2012.03.068
Z. Dong, Y. Pu, Z. Gao, P. Wang, X. Liu, Z. Sun, Fabrication, structure and properties of BaTiO3-BaFe12O19 composites with core-shell heterostructure. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 35, 3513–3520 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2015.06.016
M. Bichurin, V. Petrov, Modeling of Magnetoelectric Effects in Composites (Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9156-4
X.K. Wei, Y.T. Su, Y. Sui, Q.H. Zhang, Y. Yao, C.Q. **, R.C. Yu, Structure, electrical and magnetic property investigations on dense Fe-doped hexagonal BaTiO 3. J. Appl. Phys. 110, 114112 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3658813
A. Zorko, M. Pregelj, M. Gomilšek, Z. Jagličić, D. Pajić, M. Telling, I. Arčon, I. Mikulska, M. Valant, Strain-Induced Extrinsic High-Temperature Ferromagnetism in the Fe-Doped Hexagonal Barium Titanate. Sci. Rep. 5, 7703 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep07703
S. Gaffar, A. Kumar, U. Riaz, Synthesis techniques and advance applications of spinel ferrites: a short review. J. Electroceram. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-023-00333-x
P.P. Bardapurkar, S.N. Dalvi, V.D. Joshi, P.S. Solanki, V.R. Rathod, N.A. Shah, N.P. Barde, Effect of silica matrix on structural and optical properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. Results Surf. Interfaces. 8, 100081 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsurfi.2022.100081
P.P. Bardapurkar, S.S. Shewale, S.A. Arote, S.S. Pansambal, N.P. Barde, Effect of precursor pH on structural, magnetic and catalytic properties of CoFe2O4@SiO2 green nanocatalyst. Res. Chem. Intermed. 47, 1919–1939 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-020-04366-7
A. Guzu, C.E. Ciomaga, M. Airimioaei, L. Padurariu, L.P. Curecheriu, I. Dumitru, F. Gheorghiu, G. Stoian, M. Grigoras, N. Lupu, M. Asandulesa, L. Mitoseriu, Functional properties of randomly mixed and layered BaTiO3 - CoFe2O4 ceramic composites close to the percolation limit. J. Alloys Compd. 796, 55–64 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.05.068
P.P. Bardapurkar, N.P. Barde, D.P. Thakur, K.M. Jadhav, G.K. Bichile, Effect of Ba2+ – Sr2 + co-substitution on the structural and dielectric properties of lead titanate. J. Electroceram. 29, 62–70 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-012-9741-4
T. Prabhakaran, R.V. Mangalaraja, J.C. Denardin, J.A. Jiménez, The effect of calcination temperature on the structural and magnetic properties of co-precipitated CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles. J. Alloys Compd. 716, 171–183 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.05.048
B. Purnama, A.T. Wijayanta, Suharyana, Effect of calcination temperature on structural and magnetic properties in cobalt ferrite nano particles. J. King Saud Univ. - Sci. 31, 956–960 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2018.07.019
X. Yi, M. Cui, Y. Peng, C. **a, Z. Yao, Q. Li, Influence of Calcination temperature on microstructure and Properties of (NiCuZn)Fe2O4 Ferrite Prepared via Ultrasonic-assisted Co-precipitation. J. Supercond Nov Magn. 34, 1245–1252 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-021-05835-9
G. Márquez, V. Sagredo, R. Guillén-Guillén, G. Attolini, F. Bolzoni, Calcination effects on the crystal structure and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4 nanopowders synthesized by the coprecipitation method. Rev. Mex Física. 66, 251–257 (2020). https://doi.org/10.31349/RevMexFis.66.251
R.S. Yadav, I. Kuřitka, J. Vilcakova, J. Havlica, J. Masilko, L. Kalina, J. Tkacz, J. Švec, V. Enev, M. Hajdúchová, Impact of grain size and structural changes on magnetic, dielectric, electrical, impedance and modulus spectroscopic characteristics of CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles synthesized by honey mediated sol-gel combustion method. Adv. Nat. Sci. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8, 045002 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6254/aa853a
Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, J.D. Feng, C.F. Li, J. Shi, R. **ong, Dependence of magnetic properties on crystallite size of CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles synthesised by auto-combustion method. J. Exp. Nanosci. 4, 159–168 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1080/17458080902929895
Y. Tanaka, Studies on the reactions between Oxides in Solid State at higher temperatures. VI. Discussion of the reaction mechanism with a special reference to the Effect of particle size on the reactions. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 17, 229–244 (1942). https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.17.229
E.R. Kupp, S. Kochawattana, S.-H. Lee, S. Misture, G.L. Messing, Particle size effects on yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) phase formation by solid-state reaction. J. Mater. Res. 29, 2303–2311 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2014.224
N. Maikhuri, A.K. Panwar, A.K. Jha, Investigation of A- and B-site Fe substituted BaTiO 3 ceramics. J. Appl. Phys. 113, 17D915 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4796193
A. Rajamani, G.F. Dionne, D. Bono, C.A. Ross, Faraday rotation, ferromagnetism, and optical properties in Fe-doped BaTiO3. J. Appl. Phys. 98, 063907 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2060945
F. Lin, W. Shi, Magnetic properties of transition-metal-codoped BaTiO3 systems. J. Alloys Compd. 475, 64–69 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.08.037
J.A. Dawson, C.L. Freeman, J.H. Harding, D.C. Sinclair, Phase stabilisation of hexagonal barium titanate doped with transition metals: a computational study. J. Solid State Chem. 200, 310–316 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2013.01.043
M. Valant, I. Arčon, I. Mikulska, D. Lisjak, Cation order–disorder transition in Fe-Doped 6H-BaTiO 3 for Dilute Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism. Chem. Mater. 25, 3544–3550 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1021/cm402353t
R. Maier, J.L. Cohn, J.J. Neumeier, L.A. Bendersky, Ferroelectricity and ferrimagnetism in iron-doped BaTiO3. Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2536–2538 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1367311
S.Y. Qiu, W. Li, Y. Liu, G.H. Liu, Y.Q. Wu, N. Chen, Phase evolution and room temperature ferroelectric and magnetic properties of Fe-doped BaTiO3 ceramics. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China (English Ed. 20, 1911–1915 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(09)60394-0
Y. Li, Q. Liu, T. Yao, Z. Pan, Z. Sun, Y. Jiang, H. Zhang, Z. Pan, W. Yan, S. Wei, Hexagonal BaTi1 – xCoxO3 phase stabilized by Co dopants. Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 091905 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3337110
E. Hamada, W.-S. Cho, K. Takayanagi, Nanotwins in BaTiO 3 nanocrystals. Philos. Mag A 77, 1301–1308 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1080/01418619808214253
D.P. Dutta, M. Roy, N. Maiti, A.K. Tyagi, Phase evolution in sonochemically synthesized Fe 3 + doped BaTiO 3 nanocrystallites: structural, magnetic and ferroelectric characterisation. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18, 9758–9769 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CP07736B
G. Kishor, R.N. Bhowmik, A.K. Sinha, Structural phase stabilization via ba site do** with bivalent Sr, ca and zn ions and Fe site do** with trivalent Cr and Ga ions in the BaFe 12 O 19 hexaferrite and its magnetic modification, CrystEngComm. 24 (2022) 5269–5288. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CE00583B
K. Polley, T. Alam, J. Bera, Synthesis and characterization of BaFe12O19-CoFe2O4 ferrite composite for high-frequency antenna application. J. Aust Ceram. Soc. 56, 1179–1186 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-020-00477-x
S. Pachari, S.K. Pratihar, B.B. Nayak, Improved magneto-capacitance response in combustion derived BaTiO3-(CoFe2O4/ZnFe2O4/Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4) composites. J. Alloys Compd. 784, 897–905 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.01.118
A. Khamkongkaeo, P. Jantaratana, C. Sirisathitkul, T. Yamwong, S. Maensiri, Frequency-dependent magnetoelectricity of CoFe 2O 4-BaTiO 3 particulate composites. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China (English Ed. 21, 2438–2442 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61033-9
N.P. Barde, P.S. Solanki, N.A. Shah, P.P. Bardapurkar, Investigations on structural, magnetic, elastic and thermodynamic properties of lithium ferrite–silica nanocomposites. J. Mol. Struct. 1260, 132771 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132771
H.C. CASTELL, S. DILNOT, M.W.A.R.R.I.N.G.T.O.N.R.B. Solids, Nature. 153, 653–654 (1944). https://doi.org/10.1038/153653b0
T. Dippong, E.A. Levei, O. Cadar, Investigation of Structural, morphological and magnetic properties of MFe2O4 (M = co, Ni, Zn, Cu, Mn) obtained by Thermal decomposition. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23, 8483 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158483
P. Głuchowski, R. Tomala, D. Kujawa, V. Boiko, T. Murauskas, P. Solarz, Insights into the relationship between Crystallite size, sintering pressure, temperature sensitivity, and Persistent Luminescence Color of Gd 2.97 pr 0.03 Ga 3 Al 2 O 12 powders and ceramics. J. Phys. Chem. C 126, 7127–7142 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c00672
A. Chaudhuri, K. Mandal, Large magnetoelectric properties in CoFe2O4:BaTiO3 core–shell nanocomposites. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 377, 441–445 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2014.10.142
M.N. Rahaman, Ceramic Processing and Sintering (CRC, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315274126
W.D. Kingery, M. Berg, Study of the initial stages of sintering solids by Viscous Flow, Evaporation-Condensation, and Self‐Diffusion. J. Appl. Phys. 26, 1205–1212 (1955). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721874
F. Sayed, D.C. Joshi, G. Kotnana, D. Peddis, T. Sarkar, R. Mathieu, Synthesis of BaTiO3-CoFe2O4 nanocomposites using a one-pot technique. Inorganica Chim. Acta. 520, 120313 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2021.120313
K.K. Mallick, P. Shepherd, R.J. Green, Magnetic properties of cobalt substituted M-type barium hexaferrite prepared by co-precipitation. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 312, 418–429 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.11.130
A. Kumar, M.K. Verma, S. Singh, T. Das, L. Singh, K.D. Mandal, Electrical, magnetic and Dielectric properties of Cobalt-Doped Barium Hexaferrite BaFe12 – xCoxO19 (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2) ceramic prepared via a Chemical Route. J. Electron. Mater. 49, 6436–6447 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08364-8
J. Čuda, I. Mousa, B. David, N. Pizúrová, J. Tuček, T. Žák, M. Mašláň, O. Schneeweiss, Magnetic properties of CoFe[sub 2]O[sub 4]-BaTiO[sub 3] composites, AIP Conf. Proc. 1489 (2012) 123–132. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4759480
L.N. Alyabyeva, V.I. Torgashev, E.S. Zhukova, D.A. Vinnik, A.S. Prokhorov, S.A. Gudkova, D.R. Góngora, T. Ivek, S. Tomić, N. Novosel, D. Starešinić, D. Dominko, Z. Jagličić, M. Dressel, D.A. Zherebtsov, B.P. Gorshunov, Influence of chemical substitution on broadband dielectric response of barium-lead M-type hexaferrite. New. J. Phys. 21, 063016 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab2476
S. Jayanthi, T.R.N. Kutty, Dielectric properties of 3d transition metal substituted BaTiO3 ceramics containing the hexagonal phase formation. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 19, 615–626 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-007-9410-6
S. Pachari, S.K. Pratihar, B.B. Nayak, Microstructure driven magnetodielectric behavior in ex-situ combustion derived BaTiO3-ferrite multiferroic composites. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 505, 166741 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.166741
G. Tan, X. Chen, Structure and multiferroic properties of barium hexaferrite ceramics. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 327, 87–90 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2012.09.047
H. Nikmanesh, E. Jaberolansar, P. Kameli, A. Ghotbi Varzaneh, M. Mehrabi, M. Shamsodini, M. Rostami, I. Orue, V. Chernenko, Structural features and temperature-dependent magnetic response of cobalt ferrite nanoparticle substituted with rare earth sm3+. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 543, 168664 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2021.168664
S. Famenin Nezhad Hamedani, S.M. Masoudpanah, M.S. Bafghi, N. Asgharinezhad, Baloochi, Solution combustion synthesis of CoFe2O4 powders using mixture of CTAB and glycine fuels. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 86, 743–750 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4671-5
R. Ianoş, M. Bosca, R. Lazău, Fine tuning of CoFe2O4 properties prepared by solution combustion synthesis. Ceram. Int. 40, 10223–10229 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.02.110
P. Imanipour, S. Hasani, A. Seifoddini, M. Nabiałek, Synthesis and characterization of Zinc and Vanadium Co-substituted CoFe2O4 nanoparticles synthesized by using the Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion Method, nanomaterials. 12 (2022) 752. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12050752
R. Gao, Y. Xue, Z. Wang, G. Chen, C. Fu, X. Deng, X. Lei, W. Cai, Effect of particle size on magnetodielectric and magnetoelectric coupling effect of CoFe2O4@BaTiO3 composite fluids. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 31, 9026–9036 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03436-1
K.C. Verma, N. Goyal, R.K. Kotnala, Tuning magnetism in 0.25BaTiO3-0.75CoFe2O4 hetero-nanostructure to control ferroelectric polarization. Phys. B Condens. Matter. 554, 9–16 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2018.11.009
A. Rani, J. Kolte, S.S. Vadla, P. Gopalan, Structural, electrical, magnetic and magnetoelectric properties of Fe doped BaTiO3 ceramics. Ceram. Int. 42, 8010–8016 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.01.205
K. Tanwar, D.S. Gyan, P. Gupta, S. Pandey, O. Omparkash, D. Kumar, Investigation of crystal structure, microstructure and low temperature magnetic behavior of ce 4 + and zn 2 + co-doped barium hexaferrites (BaFe 12 O 19), RSC Adv. 8 (2018) 19600–19609. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA02455C
M.G. Shalini, S.C. Sahoo, Magnetic studies of cobalt doped barium hexaferrite nanoparticles prepared by modified sol-gel method, in: 2016: p. 020445. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4946496
A. Devonport, A. Vishina, R.K. Singh, M. Edwards, K. Zheng, J. Domenico, N.D. Rizzo, C. Kopas, M. van Schilfgaarde, N. Newman, Magnetic properties of chromium-doped Ni80Fe20 thin films. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 460, 193–202 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.03.054
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic Supplementary Material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Pachari, S., Pratihar, S.K. & Nayak, B.B. Influence of CoFe2O4 particle size on the development of in-situ phases and magnetic properties of ex-situ combustion derived ferrite-BaTiO3 composite. J Electroceram (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-024-00352-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-024-00352-2