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Effects of nanographene oxide on adipose-derived stem cell cryopreservation

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Abstract

Cryoinjury mitigation is key in cell cryopreservation. Here, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of nanographene oxide (nano-GO) for improving cryoprotectant agents (CPAs) in human adipose stem cell (hADSC) cryopreservation. For in vitro experiments, nano-GO (5 μg/mL) was added to the CPAs in the control, and passage (P) 2 hADSCs were collected and cryopreserved for around two weeks. We compared cytotoxicity, cell viability, immunophenotypes, proliferation, cell apoptosis, and tri-lineage differentiation. In vivo, studies used lipoaspirate to create non-enriched or hADSC-enriched fat tissues by combining it with PBS or hADSCs cryopreserved with the aforementioned CPAs. Each nude mouse received a 0.3 mL subcutaneous injection of the graft. At 12 weeks, the grafts were harvested. Histology, adipocyte-associated genes and protein, vascular density and angiogenic cytokines, macrophage infiltration, and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. Nano-GO CPA contributed to increased cell viability, improved cell recovery, and lowered levels of early apoptosis. Nano GO at concentrations of 0.01–100 μg/mL caused no cytotoxicity to hADSCs. The absence of nano GOs in the intracellular compartments of the cells was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The fat grafts from the CPA-GO group showed more viable adipocytes and significantly increased angiogenesis compared to the PBS and CPA-C groups. Adding hADSCs from the CPA-GO group to the graft reduced macrophage infiltration and MCP-1 expression. Nano-GO plays an anti-apoptotic role in the cryopreservation of hADSCs, which could improve the survival of transplanted fat tissues, possibly via improved angiogenesis and lower inflammatory response in the transplanted adipose tissue.

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Data availability

No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

Abbreviations

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

CAMS:

CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine

CPA:

Cryoprotectant agents

DMEM:

Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cell

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

TEM:

Transmission electron microscope

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Acknowledgements

We thank Zixiang Chen, Shize Ma, Tong Liu, Yan Yang, Ya** Qu, Minqiang **n, and Chunjun Liu who provided support for this study.

Funding

This work was supported by the CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine (CAMS-I2M; 2017-I2M-3–006).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facial and Cervical Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 33 Badachu Road, Shi**gshan, Bei**g, 100144, People’s Republic of China

    Zifei Li

  2. Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Badachu Road, Shi**gshan Dist., Bei**g, 100144, People’s Republic of China

    Jun Qi, Su Fu & Jie Luan

  3. Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Badachu Road, Shi**gshan Dist., Bei**g, 100144, People’s Republic of China

    Qian Wang

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  1. Zifei Li
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Contributions

Zifei Li: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft, Writing—review and editing, Project administration Author: Jun Qi: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft, Writing—review and editing, Visualization, Project administration Author: Su Fu: Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review and editing, Supervision Author:Jie Luan (Co-corresponding author 1): Conceptualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition Author:Qian Wang (Co-corresponding author 2): Conceptualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition.

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Li, Z., Qi, J., Fu, S. et al. Effects of nanographene oxide on adipose-derived stem cell cryopreservation. Cell Tissue Bank (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-024-10140-5

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