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Influence of tool characteristics on white layer produced by cutting hardened steel and prediction of white layer thickness

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Abstract

In the dry and hard cutting process of hardened steel, the white layer of the machined surface has a great influence on the service performance and life of the part. The cutting force and cutting heat produced in the process are among the important factors affecting the white layer characteristics. In the process of machining, in addition to the cutting parameters, the characteristics of cutting tools can also lead to significant changes in both service performance and part lifetime. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the changes in the cutting force, cutting heat, and white layer characteristics under the influence of the tool characteristics. In this paper, hard cutting tests of hardened steel were carried out by cutting tools (including PCBN tools and ceramic tools) with different thermal conductivities and flank wear under different cutting speeds. The influence of the cutting speed and tool characteristics on the cutting force, flank temperature and white layer characteristics was analyzed, and a prediction model for the white layer thickness was established. It was found that the cutting speed, tool wear degree, and tool thermal conductivity all have a significant influence on the cutting force, cutting temperature, and white layer thickness. Among the results, the thickness of the white layer first increases and then decreases with increasing flank temperature, and the critical temperature at the maximum thickness of the white layer is the actual final temperature of austenite transformation. Changes in the cutting force indirectly affect the temperatures of the austenite and martensite phase transitions, thus affecting the thickness of the white layer. The prediction results show that a fuzzy neural network based on particle swarm optimization can effectively predict the thickness of the white layer.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province (2014GXNSFAA118347) and the Science and Technology Co-funded project of Guangxi University and Yulin City (Yulin City-School Science and Technology Co. 201402801).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China

    Li Li, Debin Lai, Quanxin Ji, Jianyou Huang, Yongchuan Lin & Mingzhang Pan

  2. Technology Center of Commercial Vehicle, DONGFENG Liuzhou MOTOR Co, Ltd, 286 **shan Avenue, Liuzhou, 545005, Guangxi, China

    Jueyu Wei

  3. Guangxi Liuzhou Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., 117 Beique Road, Liuzhou, 545000, Guangxi, China

    Shengjian He

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  1. Li Li
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  2. Debin Lai
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Contributions

Li and Lin designed the study and performed the research. Lai, Ji, and Huang collected the data. Lai and Ji developed the prediction model. Li and Lai wrote the main part of the manuscript. Huang, Wei, and He wrote parts of the manuscript. Lin and Pan participated in the coordination of the study and reviewed the manuscript. All authors analyzed the data, discussed the results, and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yongchuan Lin.

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As corresponding author, I Yongchuan Lin hereby confirm on behalf of all authors that the authors have obtained the necessary authority for publication. The paper has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, and that if accepted it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the publisher. The paper does not contain material which has been published previously, by the current authors or by others, of which the source is not explicitly cited in the paper.

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Li, L., Lai, D., Ji, Q. et al. Influence of tool characteristics on white layer produced by cutting hardened steel and prediction of white layer thickness. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 113, 1215–1228 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-06599-1

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