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Exploring the Archaeal Virosphere by Metagenomics
During the past decade, environmental research has demonstrated that archaea are abundant and widespread in nature and play important ecological...
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Single-cell RNA-seq of the rare virosphere reveals the native hosts of giant viruses in the marine environment
Giant viruses (phylum Nucleocytoviricota ) are globally distributed in aquatic ecosystems. They play fundamental roles as evolutionary drivers of...
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The Fennoscandian Shield deep terrestrial virosphere suggests slow motion ‘boom and burst’ cycles
The deep biosphere contains members from all three domains of life along with viruses. Here we investigate the deep terrestrial virosphere by...
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Man is a “Rope” Stretched Between Virosphere and Humanoid Robots: On the Urgent Need of an Ethical Code for Ecosystem Survival
In this paper we compare the strategies applied by two successful biological components of the ecosystem, the viruses and the human beings, to...
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A global atlas of soil viruses reveals unexplored biodiversity and potential biogeochemical impacts
Historically neglected by microbial ecologists, soil viruses are now thought to be critical to global biogeochemical cycles. However, our...
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The new scope of virus taxonomy: partitioning the virosphere into 15 hierarchical ranks
Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed...
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Translating the language of giants: translation-related genes as a major contribution of giant viruses to the virosphere
Giant viruses of amoebas are a remarkable group of viruses. In addition to their large size and peculiar structures, the genetic content of these...
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Metavirome-assembled genome sequence of a new aquatic RNA virus expands the genus Locarnavirus
RNA viruses in marine environments have long been recognized as major players in the virosphere. In this study, the complete genome sequence of an...
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Highly diverse and unknown viruses may enhance Antarctic endoliths’ adaptability
BackgroundRock-dwelling microorganisms are key players in ecosystem functioning of Antarctic ice free-areas. Yet, little is known about their...
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Diversity and connectedness of brine shrimp viruses in global hypersaline ecosystems
Brine shrimp ( Artemia ) has existed on Earth for 400 million years and has major ecological importance in hypersaline ecosystems. As a crucial live...
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Visualization of RNA virus infection in a marine protist with a universal biomarker
Half of the marine virosphere is hypothesized to be RNA viruses (kingdom Orthornavirae ) that infect abundant micro-eukaryotic hosts (e.g. protists)....
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Emerging Infectious Diseases
Warnings about new pandemics have been issued for decades. Every 8 months, a new infectious disease emerges. The cautionary discourse of emerging...
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Ultraconserved bacteriophage genome sequence identified in 1300-year-old human palaeofaeces
Bacteriophages are widely recognised as rapidly evolving biological entities. However, knowledge about ancient bacteriophages is limited. Here, we...
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Virus diversity and activity is driven by snowmelt and host dynamics in a high-altitude watershed soil ecosystem
BackgroundViruses impact nearly all organisms on Earth, including microbial communities and their associated biogeochemical processes. In soils,...
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Molecular characterization of plasma virome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as the most common cancer type, arising from various causes, and responsible for a substantial number of...
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Host and geography impact virus diversity in New Zealand’s longfin and shortfin eels
The fishing and aquaculture industry is vital for global food security, yet viral diseases can result in mass fish die-off events. Determining the...
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Structural Analysis of Monomeric RNA-Dependent Polymerases Revisited
In the past few years, our understanding of the RNA virosphere has changed dramatically due to the growth and spurt of metagenomics, exponentially...
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Giant virus-related sequences in the 5300-year-old Ötzi mummy metagenome
Giant viruses have brought new perspectives on the virosphere. They have been increasingly described in humans, including in several metagenomic...
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Viruses
This chapter describes the state of species in the anthropocene. The delicate ecological balance of ecosystems has been disturbed by human activity,...
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