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DNA Damage and DNA Repair
This chapter describes in more detail the various kinds of DNA damage that can cause mutations and chromosomal alterations as well as the...
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Assay conditions for estimating differences in base excision repair activity with Fpg-modified comet assay
DNA repair is an essential agent in cancer development, progression, prognosis, and response to therapy. We have adapted a cellular repair assay...
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Meiotic protein SYCP2 confers resistance to DNA-damaging agents through R-loop-mediated DNA repair
Drugs targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) are widely used in cancer therapy, but resistance to these drugs remains a major clinical challenge....
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NPAS2 dampens chemo-sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma cells by enhancing DNA damage repair
Chemotherapeutic agents, including cisplatin, have remained a cornerstone of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) treatment and continue to play an essential...
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Epigenetic regulation of DNA repair gene program by Hippo/YAP1-TET1 axis mediates sorafenib resistance in HCC
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy that occurs worldwide and is generally associated with poor prognosis. The development of resistance...
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Unconventional activation of PRKDC by TNF-α: deciphering its crucial role in Th1-mediated inflammation beyond DNA repair as part of the DNA-PK complex
BackgroundThe DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) complex comprises a catalytic (PRKDC) and two requisite DNA-binding (Ku70/Ku80) subunits. The...
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Expanded usage of the Challenge-Comet assay as a DNA repair biomarker in human populations: protocols for fresh and cryopreserved blood samples, and for different challenge agents
Deficiencies in DNA damage response and repair (DDRR) can cause serious pathological outcomes; therefore, having an ability to determine individual...
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Effect of cryopreservation on DNA damage and DNA repair activity in human blood samples in the comet assay
The comet assay is a commonly used method to determine DNA damage and repair activity in many types of samples. In recent years, the use of the comet...
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Widespread chromatin context-dependencies of DNA double-strand break repair proteins
DNA double-strand breaks are repaired by multiple pathways, including non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and microhomology-mediated end-joining...
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TKT-PARP1 axis induces radioresistance by promoting DNA double-strand break repair in hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as the fifth most prevalent malignant tumor on a global scale and presents as the second leading cause of...
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Clinical measurement of cellular DNA damage hypersensitivity in patients with DNA repair defects
BackgroundDNA repair deficiency disorders are rare inherited diseases arising from pathogenic (disease-causing) variants in genes involved in DNA...
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CtIP-dependent nascent RNA expression flanking DNA breaks guides the choice of DNA repair pathway
The RNA world is changing our views about sensing and resolution of DNA damage. Here, we develop single-molecule DNA/RNA analysis approaches to...
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SPRTN patient variants cause global-genome DNA-protein crosslink repair defects
DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) are pervasive DNA lesions that are induced by reactive metabolites and various chemotherapeutic agents. Here, we...
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Developmental progression of DNA double-strand break repair deciphered by a single-allele resolution mutation classifier
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired by a hierarchically regulated network of pathways. Factors influencing the choice of particular repair...
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Comparison of comet-based approaches to assess base excision repair
DNA repair plays an essential role in maintaining genomic stability, and can be assessed by various comet assay-based approaches, including the...
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Epigenetic silencing of BEND4, a novel DNA damage repair gene, is a synthetic lethal marker for ATM inhibitor in pancreatic cancer
Synthetic lethality is a novel model for cancer therapy. To understand the function and mechanism of BEN domain-containing protein 4 (BEND4) in...
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Cas9-induced targeted integration of large DNA payloads in primary human T cells via homology-mediated end-joining DNA repair
The reliance on viral vectors for the production of genetically engineered immune cells for adoptive cellular therapies remains a translational...
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A NPAS4–NuA4 complex couples synaptic activity to DNA repair
Neuronal activity is crucial for adaptive circuit remodelling but poses an inherent risk to the stability of the genome across the long lifespan of...
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Intertwining roles of R-loops and G-quadruplexes in DNA repair, transcription and genome organization
R-loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures that are abundant and widespread across the genome and that have important physiological roles in...
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ATFS-1 counteracts mitochondrial DNA damage by promoting repair over transcription
The ability to balance conflicting functional demands is critical for ensuring organismal survival. The transcription and repair of the mitochondrial...
