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Disruptions of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep/Wake Cycles in Neurologic Disorders
Throughout evolution, the temporal solar cycles of our rotating planet were internalized via circadian rhythms. These ~24-h internal rhythms drive... -
Melanopsin-mediated pupillary responses in bipolar disorder—a cross-sectional pupillometric investigation
BackgroundVisible light, predominantly in the blue range, affects mood and circadian rhythm partly by activation of the melanopsin-containing...
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Evaluation of the Glaucomatous Macular Damage by Chromatic Pupillometry
IntroductionThis study aimed to examine the performance of binocular chromatic pupillometry for the objective and rapid detection of primary...
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Photophobia in headache disorders: characteristics and potential mechanisms
Photophobia is present in multiple types of headache disorders. The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggested the potential reciprocal...
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The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and the Circadian Timekee** System of the Body
We humans are diurnal – active in the day and asleep at night. Along with this pattern of rest and activity are many other timed processes of which... -
The Role of Retinal Dysfunction in Myopia Development
Myopia is a refractive disorder arising from a mismatch between refractive power and relatively long axial length of the eye. With its dramatically...
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Brain stimulation with 40 Hz heterochromatic flicker extended beyond red, green, and blue
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with electrophysiological changes in the brain. Pre-clinical and early clinical trials have shown promising...
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Differential susceptibility of retinal ganglion cell subtypes against neurodegenerative diseases
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are essential to propagate external visual information from the retina to the brain. Death of RGCs is speculated to be...
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Evolution of neuronal cell classes and types in the vertebrate retina
The basic plan of the retina is conserved across vertebrates, yet species differ profoundly in their visual needs
1 . Retinal cell types may have... -
The melanopsin-mediated pupil response is reduced in idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep time
Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH), characterized by an excessive day-time sleepiness, a prolonged total sleep time on 24 h and/or a reduced sleep latency,...
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Machine learning for comprehensive prediction of high risk for Alzheimer’s disease based on chromatic pupilloperimetry
Currently there are no reliable biomarkers for early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) at the preclinical stage. This study assessed the pupil...
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Distribution and synaptic organization of substance P-like immunoreactive neurons in the mouse retina
Substance P (SP), a neuroprotective peptidergic neurotransmitter, is known to have immunoreactivity (IR) localized to amacrine and/or ganglion cells...
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Spectroscopic Analysis of Wavelength Sensitivities of Opsin-Type Photoreceptor Proteins
The opsin family is a group of photoreceptive proteins that bind retinal as their chromophore. A growing number of opsin-encoding genes have been... -
Circadian disruptions and brain clock dysregulation in mood disorders
The circadian system, composed of a network of brain and peripheral 24-hour clocks and oscillators, allows organisms to anticipate and synchronize to...
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Novel Objective Measures of Hypersomnolence
Purpose of ReviewThe purpose is to provide a brief overview of current objective measures of hypersomnolence, discuss proposed measure modifications,...
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Regulation of mouse exploratory behaviour by irradiance and cone-opponent signals
BackgroundAnimal survival depends on the ability to adjust behaviour according to environmental conditions. The circadian system plays a key role in...
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Retinal ganglion cell repopulation for vision restoration in optic neuropathy: a roadmap from the RReSTORe Consortium
Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death in glaucoma and other optic neuropathies results in irreversible vision loss due to the mammalian central nervous...
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Theoretischer Hintergrund
In diesem Kapitel wird der theoretische Hintergrund dargestellt, der zum Verständnis der Arbeit beitragen soll. Dazu beschreibt Abschnitt 2.1... -
Light, Circadian Rhythms and Health
Among the possible mechanisms utilized by living organisms to favor synchronization and adaptation to the environment, circadian (around 24 h)...