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Human Infant Fecal Microbiota Differentially Influences the Mucosal Immune Pathways Upon Influenza Infection in a Humanized Gnotobiotic Pig Model
In this study, we evaluated the impact of human gut microbiota on the immune pathways in the respiratory tract using a gnotobiotic (Gn) piglet model....
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Establishing Host–Virus Link Through Host Metabolism: Viral DNA SIP Validation Using T4 Bacteriophage and E. coli
DNA Stable Isotope Probing is emerging as a potent methodology for investigating host–virus interactions, based on the essential reliance of viruses...
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Cholera toxin: mechanisms of entry into host cells
Cholera toxin moves from the plasma membrane to the ER of host cells to cause disease. Trafficking in this pathway depends on toxin binding to...
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The Ustilago maydis killer toxins
Killer toxins are small proteins secreted by a number of fungi that are lethal to susceptible cells (generally fungi of the same or related species)....
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S. cerevisiae K28 toxin – a secreted virus toxin of the A/B family of protein toxins
Since the initial discovery of toxin-secreting killer strains in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae more than 40 years ago, continuous research on...
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Taxonomy and phylogenetic diversity among the yeasts
Yeasts are among the economically and scientifically most important eukaryotic microorganisms known. At present, there are 1,500 recognized species,...
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Regeneration of Articular Cartilage
Loss of articular cartilage from the ends of bones forming diarthrodial joints can be the source of profound pain and disability, and eventually lead...
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Diphtheria toxin, diphtheria-related fusion protein toxins, and the molecular mechanism of their action against eukaryotic cells
Diphtheria toxin remains one of the most successfully studied of the bacterial protein toxins. A detailed understanding of the structure function...
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Cofactor Regeneration at the Lab Scale
Progress made in lab-scale applications of various coenzyme regeneration systems over the last two decades has mainly focused on the applications of...
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Vertebrate Limb Regeneration
In this chapter, we have touched upon some of the key processes of vertebrate limb regeneration from the formation of the wound epithelium to pattern...
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Mammalian Fetal Organ Regeneration
The develo** fetus has the remarkable ability to heal dermal skin wounds by regenerating normal epidermis and dermis with restoration of the...
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Regenerative Capacity and the Develo** Immune System
Many components of the vertebrate immune system have evolved with dual, interrelated functions of both protecting injured tissues from infection and...
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Tissue Engineering Strategies for Bone Regeneration
Bone loss due to trauma or disease is an increasingly serious health problem. Current clinical treatments for critical-sized defects are problematic...
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Stem Cells in CNS and Cardiac Regeneration
The central nervous system (CNS) and the heart muscle regenerate poorly after injury, yet evidence is mounting that both harbor cells capable of...
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Comparative genomics and gene finding in fungi -- Supplement
Online Supplement to Chapter 1
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Telomeres in fungi
Telomeres are the functional elements concluding and defining each linear chromosome in eukaryotes. They play an essential role in protecting genetic...
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The genome of the filamentous fungus Ashbya gossypii: annotation and evolutionary implications
The 9.2 Mb genome of the filamentous fungus Ashbya gossypii consists of seven chromosomes carrying 4718 protein coding genes, 194 tRNA genes, at...
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Schizosaccharomyces pombe comparative genomics; from sequence to systems
The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is becoming increasingly important as a model for the characterization and study of many globally...
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From Stationary to Instationary Metabolic Flux Analysis
Metabolic flux analysis using 13C labeled substrates is an important tool for metabolic engineering. Although it has now been evolving for more than...