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Herbidomicins, two pairs of polyketide tautomers produced by an actinomycete of the genus Herbidospora
Herbidospora is one of the underexplored actinomycete genera from which only a limited number of secondary metabolites are reported. In our...
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Introduction
According to Ernst Haeckel, any detailed hypothesis whatever concerning the origin of life must, as yet, be considered worthless, because up till now...
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The Origin of Cell Boundaries and Metabolism
The wide gap between the properties of non-living phenomena and the simplest living forms cannot be explained without some intermediate stages...
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B Chronology of Definitions and Interpretations of Life
There are a large number of definitions and interpretations of life. The definitions presented here only serve a general bibliographic purpose as no...
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C Dictionary
Absolute life criteria. Traits that are present in all living systems (Szathmáry 2002) (see Potential life criteria).
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The Origin of Handedness
Some physical realities such as fluid vortices, certain molecular architectures, circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, screws and some...
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A Models and Theories of Life
A variety of numerical and chemical models have been proposed as analogies and simulators of the evolution and functioning of early life. Because...
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The Purpose-Like Nature of Life
According to Jeffrey Tze-Fei Wong (2002): A living system is one capable of...
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The Origin of Early Specificity.The Order, Complexity and Diversity of Life
One of the key assets of life is its ability to maintain a low level of internal entropy while avoiding reaching minimal levels of it. Understanding...
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Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching: Application to Nuclear Proteins
Fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching (FRAP) has received increasing attention ever since it was first introduced into cell biological...
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Large-Scale Production of Hairy Root
Many products of interest are synthesized in organized tissues, but not formed in suspension or callus culture. Therefore, most attention has been...
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Enzyme-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Ketone Reductions
In this chapter, examples are given of the application of highly reactive prochiral ketones as substrates for enzymatic reductions....
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Structured Lipids
Structured lipids (SLs) are defined as lipids that are modified chemically or enzymatically in order to change their structure. This review deals...
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Technical Application of Biological Principles in Asymmetric Catalysis
The production of enantiopure compounds is becoming increasingly important to the chemical and biotechnological industries. Bioorganic...
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Extraction of Primary and Secondary Metabolites
Several new methods besides the usual organic solvent extraction have been developed over the last few years for the extraction of primary and...
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Engineering Fluorescent Proteins
Green fluorescent protein from the jellyfish Aequorea victora (GFP) and GFP-like proteins from Anthozoa species encode light-absorbing chromophores...
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Live Cell Spinning Disk Microscopy
In vivo microscopy of dynamic processes in cells and organisms requires very fast and sensitive acquisition methods. Confocal laser scanning...
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Lipid Markers for Marine Organic Matter
An astonishing variety of different lipids have been found in marine sediments and the water column attesting to the diversity of biosynthetic...
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Pigment Markers for Phytoplankton Production
Chlorophylls and carotenoids are commonly used as quantitative biomarkers for the composition and biomass of marine phytoplankton. This chapter...
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Isotopic Tracers of the Marine Nitrogen Cycle: Present and Past
The oceanic nitrogen cycle consists of a web of microbially mediated transformations driven in part by the large range in possible nitrogen...