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Thermodynamics – Past, Present and Future
We begin with historical remarks on the basic contributions to thermodynamics and statistics with some bias to scientists working in Berlin as...
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Dynamical Variational Principles for Strongly Correlated Electron Systems
The self-energy-functional approach (SFA) is discussed in the context of different variational principles for strongly correlated electron systems....
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Chemistry and Morphological Properties of Metal Interfaces to Organic Semiconductors
Metal contacts to organic semiconductors play a decisive role for the performance of organic based devices such as organic light emitting diodes,...
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Two-Gap Superconductivity in Magnesium Diboride
It is by now generally accepted that the recently discovered superconductor MgB2 is a superconductor with two energy gaps. Here we discuss how this...
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Atomic-Scale Properties of High-k Dielectrics: Ab Initio Study for Pr-Based Materials
We discuss the atomic and electronic structures and energetics of native point defects and of impurities (Si, Ti, B, moisture) in PrO1.5 and, to some...
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Dynamics of Membranes: From Passive to Active Systems
Fluid lipid membranes, which, together with filamentous proteins like actin, form the basic structural component of cells, have been a central topic...
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Applications of the Correlation Length
The correlation length is the system–dependent parameter, which defines the structure of the dominant current–carrying (electric or fluid) paths....
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Pressure Saturation Curves and the Critical Volume Fraction for Percolation
The pressure-saturation curves of porous media give fundamental information about the pore space. In equilibrium, ignoring effects due to hysteresis,...
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Effects of Multi-Scale Heterogeneity
It is generally agreed that problems with multi-scale heterogeneity present the biggest challenge to computation and understanding. A few such...
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Electrical Characterization of Rare Earth Oxides Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition
In this contribution, we investigate the electrical properties of thin (3–30 nm) Lu2O3 and Yb2O3 oxides grown on silicon by atomic layer depostion....
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Rare Earth Oxides Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy for Ultimate Scaling
Combination of lanthanum and other rare earth oxides with HfO2 yields stable compounds which withstand transistor processing and have low gate...
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Atomic Layer Deposition of Rare Earth Oxides
The principles of Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) for thin film growth are briefly introduced, emphasizing the aspects of a self-limiting mechanism....
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Sesquioxides as Host Materialsfor Rare-Earth-Doped Bulk Lasersand Active Waveguides
This Chapter focuses on the optical applications of rare-earth oxides. Due to their thermo-mechanical properties, the sesquioxides of yttrium,...
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Dynamical Frustration in ANNNI Model and Annealing
Simulated annealing is usually applied to systems with frustration, like spin glasses and optimisation problems, where the energy landscape is...
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From Classical Connectionist Models to Probabilistic/Generalised Regression Neural Networks (PNNs/GRNNs)
This chapter begins by briefly summarising some of the well-known classical connectionist/artificial neural network models such as multi-layered...
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Language and Thinking Modules
In this chapter, we focus upon the two modules which are closely tied to the concept of “action planning”, i.e. the 1) language and 2) thinking...
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Sensation and Perception Modules
In any kind of creature, both the mechanisms of sensation and perception are indispensable for continuous living, e.g. to find edible plants/fruits...
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Probing the Parity and Spin State
Classification into classes of superconductors with singlet and triplet pairing, respectively, needs information on the parity and spin state of the...
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Probing the Vortices: Lattice Symmetry and Internal Structure
A spatial variation of the superconducting properties occurs when a magnetic field is present perpendicular to the surface of a type-II...
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12. Orbital Stability and Forced Oscillations
Let us consider a system described by the equation...