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1. Magnetic Fields in Galaxies

   Magnetic fields are a major agent in the interstellar medium. They contribute significantly to the total pressure which balances the gas disk against...

   Rainer Beck in Cosmic Magnetic Fields

   Chapter
   

2. Magnetic Fields in Galaxy Systems, Clusters and Beyond

   The discovery of significant magnetic fields beyond our Milky Way was unwittingly made in the early 1950’s when new “discrete” cosmic radio sources...

   Philipp P. Kronberg in Cosmic Magnetic Fields

   Chapter
   

3. Stellar Magnetic Fields

   Stellar magnetic fields are directly detected or inferred across the whole Hertzsprung--Russell Diagram. Attention in this chapter is concentrated on...

   Leon Mestel, John D. Landstreet in Cosmic Magnetic Fields

   Chapter
   

4. Magnetic Fields in Diffuse HI and Molecular Clouds

   The diffuse interstellar HI is the matrix within which many molecular clouds reside and the medium that soaks up the energy injected by sources such...

   C. Heiles, R. Crutcher in Cosmic Magnetic Fields

   Chapter
   

5. Magnetic Fields in the Early Universe

   A substantial magnetic field could conceivably have been generated in the ultra-early Universe. However, the relevant physics at those eras is very...

   Martin J. Rees in Cosmic Magnetic Fields

   Chapter
   

6. Searching the Trans-Neptunian Region

   The Edgeworth-Kuiper-Belt is considered to be the remnant of the formation disk of the planetary system around the Sun. For about 8 years the...

   Hermann Boehnhardt, Olivier R. Hainaut in Deep Fields

   Conference paper
   

7. Course 15: Observations of the High Energy $\gamma$ -Ray Universe

   This article describes the nature and current status of observational programs studying astrophysical high energy...

   Conor Masterson in Accretion discs, jets and high energy phenomena in astrophysics

   Conference paper
   

8. Course 1: Accretion and Ejection-Related MHD

   This lecture is an introduction to MHD. Relevant equations, both in the classical and special-relativistic regimes are derived. The magnetic field...

   Jean Heyvaerts in Accretion discs, jets and high energy phenomena in astrophysics

   Conference paper
   

9. Course 7: Cosmic Rays and Particle Acceleration at Astrophysical Shocks

   The acceleration of particles in the vicinity of astrophysical shocks has become the main paradigm in astrophysics for the production of cosmic rays...

   Abraham Achterberg in Accretion discs, jets and high energy phenomena in astrophysics

   Conference paper
   

10. Course 12: Evolution of YSO Disks

    As stars and planets form from accretion processes in disks, it is important to understand these processes and their evolutionary implications. While...

    Lee Hartmann in Accretion discs, jets and high energy phenomena in astrophysics

    Conference paper
    

11. Course 11: Accretion Signatures in Young Stellar Objects

    Mass accretion onto the star is taken place in young stellar objects, providing the energy needed to power the excess emission observed at all...

    Nuria Calvet in Accretion discs, jets and high energy phenomena in astrophysics

    Conference paper
    

12. Course 8: The Black Hole Environments

    Compact objects are astrophysical entities with radii smaller than about 10 Schwarzschild radii. The mass spectrum of these objects ranges from the...

    Max Camenzind in Accretion discs, jets and high energy phenomena in astrophysics

    Conference paper
    

13. Course 13: X-Rays from YSOS: Desperately Seeking the Central Engine

    The earliest stages of the evolution of low-mass stars are characterized by the presence of powerful jets, likely originating from accretion via...

    Thierry Montmerle in Accretion discs, jets and high energy phenomena in astrophysics

    Conference paper
    

14. Course 6: Gamma-Ray Bursts

    This lecture is an introduction to the study of gamma-ray bursts. Observations of the burst and its afterglow are first reviewed, with the...

    Frédéric Daigne in Accretion discs, jets and high energy phenomena in astrophysics

    Conference paper
    

15. Course 9: Accretion around Active Galactic Nuclei

    In bright AGN, at distances of several Schwarzschild radii, the accretion onto a black hole proceeds predominantly in a form of a cool accretion...

    Bozena Czerny in Accretion discs, jets and high energy phenomena in astrophysics

    Conference paper
    

16. Introduction

    We summarize the topics presented in this book, and when appropriate we enlighten cross–references among the different topics: high precision and...

    Nora Bretón, Jorge L. Cervantes–Cota, Marcelo Salgado in The Early Universe and Observational Cosmology

    Chapter
    

17. Cosmological Applications of Loop Quantum Gravity

    After a brief introduction to classical and quantum gravity we discuss applications of loop quantum gravity in the cosmological realm. This includes...

    Martin Bojowald, Hugo A. Morales-Técotl in The Early Universe and Observational Cosmology

    Chapter
    

18. Quantum Corrections to Scalar Quintessence Potentials

    We give a brief introduction into the formalism of the effective action. We use the effective action to investigate the stability of scalar...

    Michael Doran, Joerg Jaeckel in The Early Universe and Observational Cosmology

    Chapter
    

19. The Accelerating Universe and Dark Energy: Evidence from Type Ia Supernovae

    I discuss the use of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) for cosmological distance determinations. Low-redshift SNe Ia (...

    Alexei V. Filippenko in The Early Universe and Observational Cosmology

    Chapter
    

20. Black Holes in Two Dimensions

    Models of black holes in (1 + 1)-dimensions provide a theoretical laboratory for the study of semi-classical effects of realistic black holes in...

    Yuri N. Obukhov, Friedrich W. Hehl in Black Holes: Theory and Observation

    Conference paper