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Thyasirid species composition (Bivalvia: Thyasiridae) and genetic connectivity of Parathyasira equalis (A. E. Verrill & K. J. Bush, 1898) in deep basins of sub-Arctic fjords
BackgroundThyasirid bivalves are often recorded as a dominant component of macrobenthic infaunal communities in depositional environments such as...
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Deconvolution Microscopy
Since its introduction in 1983, deconvolution microscopy has become a key image-processing tool for visualizing the cellular structures of fixed and...
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Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy in Single Molecule Nanobioscience
Recent development in total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) has made it possible to directly monitor the behaviors of...
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Tracking Movement in Cell Biology
This article is an overview of techniques for measuring movement of proteins, vesicles and cells using digital image processing. Diverse techniques...
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Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM)
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a technique to map the spatial distribution of nanosecond excited state lifetimes within...
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Spectral Imaging and Linear Unmixing in Light Microscopy
Fluorescence microscopy is an essential tool for modern biological research. The wide range of available fluorophores and labeling techniques allows...
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Degradation and Preservation of Organic Matter in Marine Sediments
Organic matter that is deposited in aquatic sediments is subject to an intense diagenetic reactor that determines how much organic carbon is...
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The Material-Independent Signatures of Life.Forensic Tools of Astrobiology
Biological life is intimately related to the geochemical conditions on Earth and is fit for this planet’s energy flux. It has often been suggested...
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The Early History of Bioenergy
Energy is most commonly defined as the potential to do work. The maintenance of the living state requires a constant flow of energy through the...
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Assembling the Early Puzzle of Life
So far no theory, no approach, no set of formulas, and no blackboard scheme have been found satisfactory in explaining the origin of life. The...
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The Early History of Bio-Information
In a general sense, the information level of a structure equals the minimum number of instructions needed to specify the structure (Orgel 1973). The...
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Higher Harmonic Generation Microscopy
Higher harmonic-generation, including second harmonic generation and third harmonic generation, leaves no energy deposition to the interacted matters...
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Interaction between orange juice and < 1 kDa leaf peptides: effect on the antioxidant and antidiabetic related enzyme inhibitory activities
Designing a good vehicle for functional ingredients is the major focus of this study. Small molecular weight peptides (< 1 kDa) extracted from...
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PEGylation renders carnosine resistant to hydrolysis by serum carnosinase and increases renal carnosine levels
Carnosine’s protective effect in rodent models of glycoxidative stress have provided a rational for translation of these findings in therapeutic...
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TFEB controls syncytiotrophoblast formation and hormone production in placenta
TFEB, a bHLH-leucine zipper transcription factor belonging to the MiT/TFE family, globally modulates cell metabolism by regulating autophagy and...
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Biological Markers for Anoxia in the Photic Zone of the Water Column
In this chapter we review the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of anoxic conditions in the water column of past depositional systems...
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Controls on the Carbon Isotopic Compositions of Lipids in Marine Environments
Organic carbon isotopes have long been used to study modern and ancient biogeochemical processes. Controls on the isotopic composition of organic...
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Sources and Cycling of Organic Matter in the Marine Water Column
The organic carbon cycle operates on multiple time scales with a only small fraction of the global reservoir actively exchanged. For the marine...
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Molecular Tools for the Analysis of DNA in Marine Environments
In the last decade, microbial ecologists have increasingly applied molecular techniques to investigate microorganisms in natural environments. The...
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Atmospheric Transport of Terrestrial Organic Matter to the Sea
The transport of atmospheric particles with associated terrestrial organic matter to the oceans is an important process affecting various global...