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    Reference Work Entry In depth

    Advancing XNAzymes as Nucleic Acid Therapeutics

    DNA enzymes (DNAzymes) with site-specific RNA cleavage activity hold great promise as gene silencing agents, but more work is needed for these molecules to reach the clinic. The current best-in-class molecule ...

    Yajun Wang, John C. Chaput in Handbook of Chemical Biology of Nucleic Acids (2023)

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    Reference Work Entry In depth

    New Molecular Technologies for Oligonucleotide Therapeutics-2: A-Type Nucleic Acid Duplex-Specific Binding Oligocationic Molecules for Oligonucleotide Therapeutics

    In this chapter, A-type nucleic acid duplex-specific binding oligocationic molecules are introduced as a promising method for improving the properties of oligonucleotide therapeutics. Although oligocationic mo...

    Rintaro Iwata Hara, Takeshi Wada in Handbook of Chemical Biology of Nucleic Acids (2023)

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    Chapter

    Summary and Outlook

    The COVID 19 pandemic is unprecedented in scale and duration. The health, social and economic impacts were and still are significant. The tough measures, including lockdowns in the spring of 2020 and the winter p...

    Patric U. B. Vogel in COVID-19: Search for a vaccine (2023)

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    Chapter

    Introduction

    As human civilization advanced, the study of biomaterials also developed, incorporating various materials at various length scales, from nano to macro, with the straightforward goal of extending and improving ...

    Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Mahmood Anwar, Sujan Debnath in Fundamentals of Biomaterials (2023)

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    Chapter

    Crystallography

    A crystal is a three-dimensional repetition array of atoms. This means that atoms are arranged in a periodically repeating geometric array.

    Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Mahmood Anwar, Sujan Debnath in Fundamentals of Biomaterials (2023)

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    Chapter

    Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Plant Response, Interaction, Phytotoxicity, and Defence

    Agronomy is the strength of developed countries, with more than 70% of the people depending on it for their survival. The potency of the plant to protect itself against risks depends on a certain degree on its...

    Salem S. Salem, Azamal Husen in Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites Exposures to Plants (2023)

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    Chapter

    Basic Materials Science

    An alloy is a substance that has metallic properties and is composed of two or more chemical elements, of which at least one is a metal.

    Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Mahmood Anwar, Sujan Debnath in Fundamentals of Biomaterials (2023)

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    Chapter

    Heat Treatment

    The plastic deformation of metal under the action of applied forces is of great importance in the fabrication of metals to any desired shape. When it is carried out at a temperature, it is called the cold work...

    Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Mahmood Anwar, Sujan Debnath in Fundamentals of Biomaterials (2023)

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    Chapter

    Elucidation of Synergistic Interaction Among Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and PGPR on the Plant Growth and Development

    The use of nanotechnology applications for the improvement of agriculture sectors is increasing day by day. Relative to conventional fertilizers, nano-fertilizers are promptly uptaken by plants and can enhance...

    Farwa Basit, Javaid Akhter Bhat, Ya**g Guan in Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites Exposures… (2023)

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    Chapter

    Flower-Based Compounds and Their Role in Nanomaterials Synthesis and Applications

    Flowers are an essential part of the plant which are rich in a variety of secondary compounds like terpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, sterols and xanthones. Floral therapy was an integral part of ancient Ayurv...

    Harshita Shand, Rittick Mondal in Secondary Metabolites Based Green Synthesi… (2023)

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    Chapter

    Basic Human Biology in Terms of Anatomy and Histology

    Articulations—In Anatomy, a common area is when two bones are attached for the motion of body parts. An articulation or joint is usually formed of fibrous connective tissue and cartilage.

    Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Mahmood Anwar, Sujan Debnath in Fundamentals of Biomaterials (2023)

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    Chapter

    Corrosion Engineering and Biomaterial Corrosion

    A metal begins to deteriorate through chemical or electrochemical reactions with its surroundings at the surface.

    Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Mahmood Anwar, Sujan Debnath in Fundamentals of Biomaterials (2023)

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    Chapter

    Biomaterials and Their Properties

    Group → 4, Block → d, Atomic no. → 22.

    Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Mahmood Anwar, Sujan Debnath in Fundamentals of Biomaterials (2023)

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    Chapter

    Vaccine Technologies, Approaches Against COVID-19, Clinical Phases

    Shortly after the enormity of this pandemic became clear and local containment was illusory, unprecedented preparations to develop vaccines against COVID-19 began. The scientific community and the pharmaceutical ...

    Patric U. B. Vogel in COVID-19: Search for a vaccine (2023)

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    Chapter

    Inactivated Vaccines and Recombinant Protein

    Inactivated vaccines historically form the second major vaccine group, the antithesis of live attenuated vaccines, so to speak. In inactivated vaccines, the virus is first multiplied in large quantities and then ...

    Patric U. B. Vogel in COVID-19: Search for a vaccine (2023)

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    Chapter

    Other Aspects: Immunity and Viral Mutations

    In the case of COVID-19, elderly people and people with certain pre-existing conditions are among the high-risk groups, in whom an infection can lead to particularly severe courses and even death. However, vaccin...

    Patric U. B. Vogel in COVID-19: Search for a vaccine (2023)

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    Chapter

    Biodegradable Polyvinyl Alcohol/Starch/Halloysite Nanotube Bionanocomposite: Preparation and Characterization

    The researchers’ attention has been drawn to the need to replace petroleum-based polymers with appropriate alternatives derived from biomass due to growing environmental and sustainability concerns (Joseph et ...

    P. Manju, P. Santhana Gopala Krishnan in Biodegradable and Environmental Applicatio… (2023)

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    Chapter

    Preparation of Nanomaterials Using Coumarin and Their Various Applications

    In the present study, carbon quantum dots (CDQs) modified coumarine-3-carboxylic acid (CCA) and 7-diethyl amino coumarine-3-carboxylate (DACC) were synthesized by microwave assisted method and the synthesized ...

    Vinayak Adimule, Sheetal Batakurki in Secondary Metabolites Based Green Synthesi… (2023)

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    Chapter

    Atomic Structure

    It is considered that the massive positive portion of an atom is confined in an extremely small quantity at its center. The nuclei, the center of the atom, are encircled by an electron cloud, which makes the e...

    Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Mahmood Anwar, Sujan Debnath in Fundamentals of Biomaterials (2023)

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    Chapter

    Bonds in Solids

    Bonding is the interaction between the atoms to form molecules by rearranging the electron in the atom to achieve a stable configuration.

    Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Mahmood Anwar, Sujan Debnath in Fundamentals of Biomaterials (2023)

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