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Assistive Technology Service Delivery Outcome Assessment: From Challenges to Standards
This entry provides an introduction to the key elements necessary to understand the issues related to assistive technology (AT) service delivery...
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Designing Optimal, Data-Driven Policies from Multisite Randomized Trials
Optimal treatment regimes (OTRs) have been widely employed in computer science and personalized medicine to provide data-driven, optimal...
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Parallel Optimal Calibration of Mixed-Format Items for Achievement Tests
When large achievement tests are conducted regularly, items need to be calibrated before being used as operational items in a test. Methods have been...
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Dimensionality and optimal combination of autonomic fear-conditioning measures in humans
Fear conditioning, also termed threat conditioning, is a commonly used learning model with clinical relevance. Quantification of threat conditioning...
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Crows make optimal choices based on relative probabilities
A recent study by Johnston, Brecht, and Nieder (
2023 , Current Biology, 33, 3238–3243) finds that carrion crows associate varying rates of... -
Patterns and Transitions of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Outcome Expectancies and Their Associations with Nonsuicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) outcome expectancies (i.e., the expectations that certain outcomes will follow NSSI) have been confirmed to predict...
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Optimal processing of surface facial EMG to identify emotional expressions: A data-driven approach
Surface facial electromyography (EMG) is commonly used to detect emotions from subtle facial expressions. Although there are established procedures...
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The effect of AI-induced outcome favorability on vigilance performance—an exploration based on attention capacity theory
While AI (artificial intelligence) embedded in work scenarios provides a great interaction experience for employees, this favorable experience...
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Personality Segmentation for Optimal Health Care: A Review and Proposed Segmentation Approach
It is well established that there are interindividual differences in many areas of well-being, such as physical, mental, and functional health, as...
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Why is it so hard to identify (consistent) predictors of treatment outcome in psychotherapy? – clinical and research perspectives
BackgroundAnxiety and depression are two of the most debilitating psychological disorders worldwide today. Fortunately, effective treatments exist....
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Probabilistic Learning of Cue-Outcome Associations is not Influenced by Autistic Traits
According to Bayesian/predictive coding models of autism, autistic individuals may have difficulties learning probabilistic cue-outcome associations,...
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Framing cognitive offloading in terms of gains or losses: achieving a more optimal use of reminders
Nowadays individuals can readily set reminders to offload intentions onto external resources, such as smartphone alerts, rather than using internal...
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Do Autistic Traits Predict Outcome of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?
The first aim of this study was to explore whether children with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and subclinical autistic traits can be...
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Development and Preliminary Validation of the Patient Outcome Planning Calculator (POP-C): A Tool for Determining Treatment Dosage in Applied Behavior Analysis
Board certified behavior analysts (BCBA) are responsible for determining the medically necessary treatment dosage for patients (i.e., the number of...
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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Psychotropic Medications: Principles, Experimental Designs, and Outcome Measures
The randomized clinical trial (RCT) is the gold-standard source of evidence for the efficacy of psychotropic medication. In order to interpret the...