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9 The Goldstone Theorem
The mechanism of SSB does not only provide a general strategy for unifying the description of apparently different systems, but it also provide...
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Introduction to Part II
These notes arose from courses given at the International School for Advanced Studies (Trieste) and at the Scuola Normale Superiore (Pisa) in various...
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6 Sectors with Energy-Momentum Density
We shall now discuss the requirement III of finite energy-momentum, briefly mentioned in the previous section. Clearly, the possibility of using...
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Noncommutative Line Bundles and Gerbes
We introduce noncommutative line bundles and gerbes within the framework of deformation quantization. The Seiberg-Witten map is used to construct the...
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Secondary Characteristic Classes of Lie Algebroids
We show how the intrinsic characteristic classes of Lie algebroids can be seen as characteristic classes of representations. We present two...
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Local Models for Manifolds with Symplectic Connections of Ricci Type*
We show that any symplectic manifold (Mω) of dimension 2n(n≥ 2) admitting a symplectic connection of Ricci type can locally be constructed by a...
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The Four–Dimensional Spacetime
Physics theories are made by building mathematical models that correspond to physical systems. General Relativity, the physical theory of...
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13 Fermi and Bose Gas at Non-zero Temperature
As an example of symmmetry breaking at non-zero temperature we discuss the free Fermi and Bose gas, starting from finite volume and then discussing...
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1 Symmetries of a Classical System
The realization of symmetries in physical systems has proven to be of help in the description of physical phenomena: it makes it possible to relate...
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14 Quantum Fields at Non-zero Temperature
The general structure discussed above provides a neat and unique prescription for the quantization of relativistic fields at non-zero temperature...
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8 Examples
The model describes the simplest non-linear field theory and it can be regarded as a prototype of field theories in one space dimension (s=1). The...
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Momentum and Energy Relations
The equations of motion (5.12) for the charged insulating sphere of radius a moving with arbitrary center velocity u(t) can be rewritten in...
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Euclidean Quantum Field Theory on Commutative and Noncommutative Spaces
I give an introduction to Euclidean quantum field theory from the point of view of statistical physics, with emphasis both on Feynman graphs and on...
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Boundary Conditions
Most Numerical Relativity simulations are devised to approximate the time evolution of the dynamical fields starting from data given on an initial...
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Derivation of Force and Power Equations
The inconsistency between the power and force equations of motion, (2.4) and (2.1) or (2.5), is so surprising that one is tempted to question the...
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Internal Binding Forces
In Appendix B, we have critically confirmed the evaluation of the self electromagnetic force and power, (3.1) and (3.2), leading to the force and...
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An Infinite Family of Isospectral Pairs Topological Aspects
We give some basic properties of the isospectral pairs (Γ,Γ) of two bipartite graphs Γ and Γ. Then we present a systematic method of constructing an...
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Some Noncommutative Spheres
Noncommutative geometry provides us various means to deal with noncommutative phenomena in mathematics, and C*-algebras (and von Neumann algebras)...
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From Quantum Tori to Quantum Homogeneous Spaces
We construct dual objects for quantum complex projective spaces as quantum homogeneous spaces of quantum unitary groups, in which the deformation...
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Index Theorems and Noncommutative Topology
These lecture notes are mainly devoted to a K-theory proof of the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. Some applications of the K-theory to noncommutative...