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Reactivity in the human sciences
The reactions that science triggers on the people it studies, describes, or theorises about, can affect the science itself and its claims to...
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Experimentation in the Life Sciences
This chapter provides a brief overview of the increasing importance of experimentation in the life sciences from the seventeenth century to the...
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Canguilhem’s Historiography of the Life Sciences
In this chapter, I revisit CanguilhemCanguilhem, Georges’s interpretation of BachelardBachelard, Gaston’s “normative turn” in epistemology and his...
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Research Ethics Guidelines for the Engineering Sciences and Computer and Information Sciences
This chapter presents, discusses and defends research ethics guidelines for the engineering sciences and computer and information sciences. Only very...
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Overdetermination, underdetermination, and epistemic granularity in the historical sciences
The optimism vs. pessimism debate about the historical sciences is often framed in terms of arguments about the relative importance of...
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New functionalism and the social and behavioral sciences
Functionalism about kinds is still the dominant style of thought in the special sciences, like economics, psychology, and biology. Generally...
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The metaphysical issues in the social sciences and how social scientists debate them
Most philosophical work on social ontology continues to be done without much connection to social scientific concerns. This special issue, however,...
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The Crisis of Philosophy and the Meaning of the Sciences for Life
Despite the significant number of critical analyses devoted to the subject, the precise definition of the famed crisis-notion that lies at the heart...
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Hegel and Husserl on Phenomenology, Logic, and the System of Sciences: A Reappraisal
Husserl envisages transcendental phenomenology as a radically founding science that lays bare the higher-order experiences whereby logic and a theory...
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Aristotle on the Speculative and Middle Sciences
The Aristotelian sciences are distinguished according to their objects and methods. While the previous chapter focused upon mathematical objects in...
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Why the extended mind is nothing special but is central
The extended mind thesis states that the mind is not brain-bound but extends into the physical world. The philosophical debate around the thesis has...
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Introduction to the Special Issue on Fallacies
This short essay is an introduction to the essays included in this special issue of Argumentation devoted to fallacies.
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Consciousness and Mathematical Sciences
In this chapter we discuss the connection of consciousness studies with mathematics. We address third-person validation of first-person experiences...
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Nagel on the Methodology of the Social Sciences
Ernest Nagel was one of the first philosophers of science who reflected systematically on the methodology of the social sciences. His cooperation...
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From exceptional to common presence: Italian women in twentieth-century life sciences
This essay surveys the situation of Italian women life scientists from the late nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century. It follows the path that...
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Individualism-Holism Debate in the Social Sciences: Political Implications and Disciplinary Politics
The debate between the individualist and the holist understanding of social items (social entities, events, institutions, phenomena and so on) has a...
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A New Definition of “Artificial” for Two Artificial Sciences
In this article, I deal with a conceptual issue concerning the framework of two special sciences: artificial intelligence and synthetic biology, i.e....
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Same-tracking real kinds in the social sciences
The kinds of real or natural kinds that support explanation and prediction in the social sciences are difficult to identify and track because they...
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Are ABM explanations in the social sciences inevitably individualist?
Agent-based models (ABMs) are increasingly important in social science research. They have two obvious apparent virtues: they can model complex...
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Vital Ends and Practical Otherness: On Applied Sciences in Peirce’s Philosophy
This chapter focuses on the analysis of a special case of the Peircean category of Secondness—namely, the so-called practical otherness, which...