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Cinnamon Modulates Toll-Like Receptors: a New Therapeutic Approach for Diabetes
AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with a high global incidence that can lead to serious and life-threatening conditions....
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Toll-like receptor 9 regulates metabolic profile and contributes to obesity-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in mice
BackgroundBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is associated with obesity and prostatic inflammation. The present study investigated the participation...
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Mechanistic insights on TLR-4 mediated inflammatory pathway in neurodegenerative diseases
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) pose a significant issue in healthcare, needing a thorough knowledge of their complex molecular mechanisms. A...
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Therapeutic implication of Sonic Hedgehog as a potential modulator in ischemic injury
Sonic Hedgehog (SHh) is a homology protein that is involved in the modeling and development of embryonic tissues. As SHh plays both protective and...
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Curine Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Downregulating the TLR4/MD-2/NF-κB(p65) Signaling Pathway
Acute lung injury is characterized by alveolar-capillary barrier rupture, neutrophil-mediated airway inflammation, and tissue hypoxia. Since no...
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Leonurine Alleviates Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Through the TLR4/NF-κB Signalling Pathway
Leonurus japonicus Houtt., Lamiaceae, commonly called Chinese motherwort, has been used to treat inflammation and ulcerations. Leonurine is an...
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Jacareubin inhibits TLR4-induced lung inflammatory response caused by the RBD domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein
BackgroundCOVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, has been a major public health problem worldwide in the last 2 years....
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Inhibitory Effects and Related Molecular Mechanisms of Huanglian-Ganjiang Combination Against H1N1 Influenza Virus
Influenza is an infectious acute respiratory disease with complications and a high mortality rate; the effective medicines for influenza therapy are...
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Cannabinoid-based therapy as a future for joint degeneration. Focus on the role of CB2 receptor in the arthritis progression and pain: an updated review
Over the last several decades, the percentage of patients suffering from different forms of arthritis has increased due to the ageing population and...
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The role of mucosal barriers in human gut health
The intestinal mucosa is continuously exposed to a large number of commensal or pathogenic microbiota and foreign food antigens. The intestinal...
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Ginsenoside from ginseng: a promising treatment for inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease mediated by immune disorder and termed as one of the most refractory diseases by the Word...
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Molecular insights into the therapeutic promise of targeting HMGB1 in depression
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder, the exact pathogenesis of which is still elusive. Studies have proposed that immunity disproportion and...
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Activation of β2 adrenergic receptor signaling modulates inflammation: a target limiting the progression of kidney diseases
Beta 2 adrenergic receptor (β 2 -AR)-agonists, widely used as bronchodilators, have demonstrated wide-spectrum anti-inflammatory properties in both...
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3, 5, 3′-Triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC) is an anti-inflammatory drug that targets toll-like receptor 2
Drug repositioning is a strategy that explores new pharmaceutical applications of previously launched or failed drugs, and is advantageous since it...
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Modulatory role of vitamins A, B3, C, D, and E on skin health, immunity, microbiome, and diseases
Disruption of the skin barrier and immunity has been associated with several skin diseases, namely atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis, and acne....
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Potential biological functions and future perspectives of sialylated milk oligosaccharides
Sialyllactoses (SLs) primarily include sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMOs). First, the safety...
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Role of Neutrophils as Therapeutic Targets in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major health problem. It is one of the most common types of stroke and results in mortality in approximately half...
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Phytochemical Small Molecules as Potential Anti-angiogenesis Targeted Therapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Triple-negative breast cancer stands out as the most formidable subtype of breast cancer. Currently, there is a lack of specialized treatments for...
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Advances in Vaccine Adjuvants: Nanomaterials and Small Molecules
Adjuvants have been extensively and essentially formulated in subunits and certain inactivated vaccines for enhancing and prolonging protective...
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Platelets in COVID-19 disease: friend, foe, or both?
Immuno-thrombosis of COVID-19 results in the activation of platelets and coagulopathy. Antiplatelet therapy has been widely used in COVID-19 patients...
