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The Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway: An update on its regulation and possible role in cancer prevention and treatment
Nrf2 acts as a sensor of oxidative or electrophilic stress and prevents genome instability. The activation of Nrf2 signaling induces ARE-dependent...
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Increased prevalence of functional minor allele variants of drug metabolizing CYP2B6 and CYP2D6 genes in Roma population samples
BackgroundCytochrome P450 2B6 and 2D6 are important enzymes in human drug metabolism. These phase I enzymes are known to contribute the...
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Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes
The cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes first attracted interest because of their relevance to the metabolism of drugs, steroids, and carcinogens....
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Hormonal Regulation of Liver Cytochrome P450 Enzymes
Sex differences characterize hepatic expression of specific cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and their associated CYP genes, and underlie the widespread...
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Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes
Cytochrome P450s (P450s) are subject to inhibition/inactivation by various chemically diverse agents, which may interact directly or indirectly with...
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Imidazoacridinone antitumor agent C-1311 as a selective mechanism-based inactivator of human cytochrome P450 1A2 and 3A4 isoenzymes
Background5-Diethylaminoethylamino-8-hydroxyimidazoacridinone (C-1311), a promising antitumor agent that is also active against autoimmune diseases,...
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Microsomal metabolism of erythraline: an anxiolitic spiroalkaloid
The genus Erythrina , Fabaceae, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Their flowers, fruits, seeds and bark are frequently used...
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Nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) expression and regulation in male reproductive tract
BackgroundNuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2, Nfe2l2) plays an important, protective role in many tissues. However, information on molecular...
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Metabolism (Non-CYP Enzymes)
The fate of xenobiotics, and therefore the efficacy or toxicity of chemotherapeutics, may be dictated by the action of metabolizing enzymes. The...
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Permeability of plumbagin across human intestinal cell in vitro
Plumbagin is the active compound isolated from plants used in traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases such as activities malaria,...
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Galangin, a dietary flavonol inhibits tumor initiation during experimental pulmonary tumorigenesis by modulating xenobiotic enzymes and antioxidant status
The aim of present study was to elucidate anti-initiating efficacy of galangin against benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-induced lung carcinogenesis in male...
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Several aspects of Zingiber zerumbet: a review
Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm., Zingiberaceae, is a perennial, aromatic and tuberose plant that grows in humid locations. Also known as bitter...
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P450 Biotechnology
Cytochrome P450s accept a broad spectrum of substrates and catalyze a vast variety of chemical transformations under mild reaction conditions....
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n-3 Fatty acids regulate the inflammatory-state related genes in the lung epithelial cells exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
BackgroundChronic airway inflammation is coordinated by a complex of inflammatory mediators, including eicosanoids. The aim of this study was to...
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Benzo(a)pyrene induced lung cancer: Role of dietary phytochemicals in chemoprevention
Lung cancer is the major cause of overall cancer deaths, and chemoprevention is a promising strategy to control this disease. Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P],...
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Renal vasculature reactivity to agonist of P2X7 receptor is increased in streptozotocin-induced diabetes
BackgroundDiabetic nephropathy is characterized by the dysfunction of renal microvasculature. The involvement of the P2X7 receptor, being a part of...
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Microbial Cytochromes P450
The microbial P450s perform an array of oxidative and other chemical reactions that are both crucial for the viability of the bacterial, archaeal,...
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Influence of tobacco smoke exposure on pharmacokinetics of ethyl alcohol in alcohol preferring and non-preferring rats
BackgroundA vast majority of people who abuse alcohol are also defined as “heavy smokers”. Tobacco smokes induces CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2A6 isoenzymes,...
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Expression of hepatic antioxidant enzymes in non-obese type-2 diabetic Goto–Kakizaki rats
Diabetes mellitus and its complications have been attributed in part to oxidative stress, against which antioxidant enzymes constitute a major...
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Activation of Molecular Oxygen in Cytochromes P450
The complex multistep mechanism of oxygen activation in P450 is reviewed as a sequence of the following reactions: Substrate binding, reduction of...