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Epigenetics of pregnancy: looking beyond the DNA code
Epigenetics is the branch of genetics that studies the different mechanisms that influence gene expression without direct modification of the DNA...
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Understanding the Genetic and Non-genetic Interconnections in the Aetiology of Isolated Congenital Heart Disease: An Updated Review: Part 1
Purpose of ReviewCongenital heart disease (CHD) is the most frequently occurring birth defect. Majority of the earlier reviews focussed on the...
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Congenital anomalies associated with oil and gas development and resource extraction: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Texas
BackgroundOil and gas extraction-related activities produce air and water pollution that contains known and suspected teratogens. To date, health...
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Risks of obstructive genitourinary birth defects in relation to trihalomethane and haloacetic acid exposures: expanding disinfection byproduct mixtures analyses using relative potency factors
BackgroundSome disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are teratogens based on toxicological evidence. Conventional use of predominant DBPs as proxies for...
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Signal Detection in EUROmediCAT: Identification and Evaluation of Medication–Congenital Anomaly Associations and Use of VigiBase as a Complementary Source of Reference
IntroductionKnowledge on the safety of medication use during pregnancy is often sparse. Pregnant women are generally excluded from clinical trials,...
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The dimethadione-exposed rat fetus: an animal model for the prenatal ultrasound characterization of ventricular septal defect
BackgroundVentricular septal defect (VSD) is the most prevalent congenital heart disease (CHD) and is easily misdiagnosed or missed. An appropriate...
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Medication effects on developmental sterol biosynthesis
Cholesterol is essential for normal brain function and development. Genetic disruptions of sterol biosynthesis result in intellectual and...
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Triple repeated fetal congenital heart disease linked to PLD1 mutation: a case report
BackgroundCongenital heart disease occurs in approximately 1 in 100 cases. Although sibling occurrence is high (3–9%), the causative genes for this...
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A pregnant lady with compound bowel obstruction managed with thoracic epidural as sole anesthesia in a resource-restricted setting: a case report
BackgroundPreserving the mother’s safety, sustaining the pregnancy state, and achieving the optimal fetal outcome are the major priorities when...
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Seasonal trend in the occurrence of myelomeningocele in nigeria: a hypothesis of climate-induced oxidative stress
PurposeMyelomeningocele is the most severe birth defect compatible with long-term survival. It accounts for 5.7% of neurological surgeries in...
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Toxicology knowledge graph for structural birth defects
BackgroundBirth defects are functional and structural abnormalities that impact about 1 in 33 births in the United States. They have been attributed...
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Brief title of the study case report: a case of type II sacral agenesis with no neurogenic dysfunction
BackgroundSacral agenesis is a rare neural tube defect characterized by abnormal development of the caudal aspect of the vertebral column and the...
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Prenatally Diagnosed Interventricular Septal Aneurysm with Associated Ventricular Dysfunction
Congenital interventricular septal aneurysms (IVSA) of the muscular septum are rare and can be associated with other familial abnormalities of the...
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A rare case of the scaphocephalic skull of an adult male
BackgroundScaphocephaly is a craniofacial anomaly where the skull is disproportionately long and narrow. Premature closure of the sagittal suture is...
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Pubic Accessory Scrotum: a Case Report of a Rare Position
Scrotum shows multiple congenital anomalies which could be explained by embryological abnormalities in migration of labioscrotal swelling. Our case...
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Medication history-wide association studies for pharmacovigilance of pregnant patients
BackgroundSystematic exclusion of pregnant people from interventional clinical trials has created a public health emergency for millions of patients...
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Prenatal features of aneurysm of the posterior cerebral artery: a case report
BackgroundFetal cerebral aneurysm other than aneurysm of vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is extremely rare. This report describes...