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Marking the nipple–areola complex in mastopexy and reduction mammoplasty: a geometrical method
Mastopexy and reduction mammoplasty are well-established procedures used to address ptotic and hypertrophic breasts. A variety of methods have been...
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Tattooing to reconstruct Nipple-Areola Complex after oncological breast surgery: a sco** review
PurposeThe dermopigmentation of the Nipple-Areola Complex (NAC) is a safe non-surgical reconstruction technique that can restore psychophysical...
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A Primer for Breast Reconstructive Surgeons: Nipple-Areola Complex Reconstruction Utilising a Skate Flap with Areola Graft
A primer on nipple-areola complex reconstruction using a skate flap with areola graft is shared. This is particularly useful for the breast/plastic...
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How to accurately preoperative screen nipple-sparing mastectomy candidate—a nomogram for predicting nipple-areola complex involvement risk in breast cancer patients
BackgroundNipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) offers superior cosmetic outcomes and has been gaining wide acceptance. It has always been difficult to...
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Noninvasive Real-Time Assessment of Nipple–Areola Complex Perfusion Using Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging in Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction
BackgroundNipple–areola complex (NAC) necrosis is a major complication for breast reconstruction after nipple-sparing mastectomy. Although...
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Large Nipple Volume as a Risk Factor of Nipple–areola Complex Necrosis Following Nipple-sparing Mastectomy
BackgroundNipple–areola complex (NAC) necrosis, which is caused by local ischemia, remains one of the complications associated with nipple-sparing...
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Centrally located breast carcinomas treated with central quadrantectomy and immediate nipple–areola reconstruction: a cohort study
BackgroundMastectomy has often been cited as the favoured option for centrally located breast tumours because lumpectomies or quadrantectomies that...
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The Effect of Suction-Assisted Liposuction on Reduction of Diameter of Nipple-Areola Complex Among Patients with Simon Grade IIb and III Gynecomastia
Gynecomastia is a condition in which the gland and fat tissue enlarge in the breasts of men. High-grade gynecomastia (Simon grades IIb and III) is...
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Color Doppler Sonography Assisted Subcutaneous Mastectomy with Inferior Pedicled Nipple-Areola Complex in Female-to-Male Transsexuals: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
BackgroundThe surgical goals of gender reassignment surgery of the breast in female-to male transsexuals (FMT) is the aesthetic sha** of a male...
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A Medical Tattooing Technique for Enhancing the Three-Dimensional Appearance of the Nipple-Areola Complex After Flap-Based Nipple Reconstruction
IntroductionMedical tattooing is a critical reconstructive component in the surgical process for good esthetic outcomes and improved patient...
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Management of Nipple-Areola Deformity
BackgroundHerniated or pseudoherniated nipple-areolar complex (NAC), also called protuberant or “domed nipple,” is an entity that can be present both...
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Percutaneous Intradermal Purse-String closure for Correction of Male Tuberous Nipple-Areola Complex Deformity
BackgroundMale tuberous breast is an exceedingly rare condition that not fit properly into the majority of existing classifications of gynecomastia....
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Icing the Muffin (Sponge): An Easily Reproducible and Cost-Effective Dressing Technique Used for Nipple Areola Reconstruction
Nipple areola reconstruction is an integral part of breast reconstruction and serves as the “cherry on top” of the reconstructed breast. These...
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Guiding Nipple-Areola Complex Reconstruction: Literature Review and Proposal of a New Decision-Making Algorithm
BackgroundNipple-areola complex reconstruction (NAR) most commonly represents the finishing touch to breast reconstruction (BR). Nipple presence is...
