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Metformin: update on mechanisms of action and repurposing potential
Currently, metformin is the first-line medication to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in most guidelines and is used daily by >200 million...
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An Update on Stiripentol Mechanisms of Action: A Narrative Review
Stiripentol (Diacomit ® ) (STP) is an orally active antiseizure medication (ASM) indicated as adjunctive therapy, for the treatment of seizures...
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Ketamine and rapid antidepressant action: new treatments and novel synaptic signaling mechanisms
Ketamine is an open channel blocker of ionotropic glutamatergic N -Methyl- D -Aspartate (NMDA) receptors. The discovery of its rapid antidepressant...
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Nitro-fatty acids: mechanisms of action, roles in metabolic diseases, and therapeutics
Nitro-fatty acids (NO 2 -FAs) are a class of bioactive lipids that mediate metabolic, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, and other signaling...
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The role of PCSK9 in heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases—mechanisms of action beyond its effect on LDL cholesterol
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK9) is a protein that regulates low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol metabolism by binding to...
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Unravelling mechanisms underlying the action principles of a community-based health promotion programme: a realist evaluation
BackgroundSince 1986, WHO has advised that applying action principles such as citizen participation and intersectoral collaboration leads to better...
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Effects and action mechanisms of individual cytokines contained in PRP on osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is defined as a degenerative joint disease that can affect all tissues of the joint, including the articular cartilage,...
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Functional genomic mechanisms of opioid action and opioid use disorder: a systematic review of animal models and human studies
In the past two decades, over-prescription of opioids for pain management has driven a steep increase in opioid use disorder (OUD) and death by...
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Molecular mechanisms of action of metformin: latest advances and therapeutic implications
Metformin is among the most widely used antidiabetic drugs. Studies over the past few years have identified multiple novel molecular targets and...
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Mechanisms of Action in Exposure Therapy
Purpose of ReviewExposure therapy is an effective treatment for anxiety-related disorders, but many individuals do not achieve full symptom relief,...
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Psilocybin Efficacy and Mechanisms of Action in Major Depressive Disorder: a Review
Purpose of the ReviewWe aim to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge about the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of depression,...
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Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists: cardiovascular benefits and mechanisms of action
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are metabolic disorders characterized by excess cardiovascular risk. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1)...
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What do we not know (yet) about recovery colleges? A study protocol on their (cost-)effectiveness, mechanisms of action, fidelity and positioning
BackgroundRecovery Colleges (RCs) have spread across the globe as a new way of supporting people with mental vulnerabilities in their recovery...
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NSAIDs use history: impact on the genome-wide DNA methylation profile and possible mechanisms of action
Background and objectiveNSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase, but their role in aging and other diseases is not well understood. Our group previously showed...
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Triple negative breast cancer: approved treatment options and their mechanisms of action
PurposeBreast cancer, the most prevalent cancer worldwide, consists of 4 main subtypes, namely, Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-positive, and...
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Mechanisms of action of fluvoxamine for COVID-19: a historical review
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) accelerates...
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Paclitaxel and its semi-synthetic derivatives: comprehensive insights into chemical structure, mechanisms of action, and anticancer properties
Cancer is a disease that can cause abnormal cell growth and can spread throughout the body. It is among the most significant causes of death...
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Mechanisms of Action for Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction — State of the Art
Purpose of ReviewDiabetes (DM) is a common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), known as diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD). The phenotype...
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