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Hyperglucagonaemia in diabetes: altered amino acid metabolism triggers mTORC1 activation, which drives glucagon production
Aim/hypothesisHyperglycaemia is associated with alpha cell dysfunction, leading to dysregulated glucagon secretion in type 1 and type 2 diabetes;...
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100 years of glucagon and 100 more
The peptide hormone glucagon, discovered in late 1922, is secreted from pancreatic alpha cells and is an essential regulator of metabolic...
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Insulin-degrading enzyme ablation in mouse pancreatic alpha cells triggers cell proliferation, hyperplasia and glucagon secretion dysregulation
Aims/hypothesisType 2 diabetes is characterised by hyperglucagonaemia and perturbed function of pancreatic glucagon-secreting alpha cells but the...
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Revisiting the role of glucagon in health, diabetes mellitus and other metabolic diseases
Insulin and glucagon exert opposing effects on glucose metabolism and, consequently, pancreatic islet β-cells and α-cells are considered functional...
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Determinants of plasma levels of proglucagon and the metabolic impact of glucagon receptor signalling: a UK Biobank study
Aims/hypothesesGlucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are derived from the same precursor; proglucagon, and dual agonists of their receptors...
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The liver–alpha cell axis associates with liver fat and insulin resistance: a validation study in women with non-steatotic liver fat levels
Aims/hypothesisMany individuals who develop type 2 diabetes also display increased glucagon levels (hyperglucagonaemia), which we have previously...
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Hepatic glucose metabolism in the steatotic liver
The liver is central in regulating glucose homeostasis, being the major contributor to endogenous glucose production and the greatest reserve of...
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Upregulated TGF-β1 contributes to hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes by potentiating glucagon signalling
Aims/hypothesisGlucagon-stimulated hepatic gluconeogenesis contributes to endogenous glucose production during fasting. Recent studies suggest that...
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Disrupted hypothalamic transcriptomics and proteomics in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes exposed to recurrent hypoglycaemia
Aims/hypothesisRepeated exposures to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in people with diabetes progressively impairs the counterregulatory response (CRR)...
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Mammalian models of diabetes mellitus, with a focus on type 2 diabetes mellitus
Although no single animal model replicates all aspects of diabetes mellitus in humans, animal models are essential for the study of energy balance...
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A multigenerational study on phenotypic consequences of the most common causal variant of HNF1A-MODY
Aims/hypothesisSystematic studies on the phenotypic consequences of variants causal of HNF1A-MODY are rare. Our aim was to assess the phenotype of...
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Non-invasive imaging of sympathetic innervation of the pancreas in individuals with type 2 diabetes
Aims/hypothesisCompromised pancreatic sympathetic innervation has been suggested as a factor involved in both immune-mediated beta cell destruction...
