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Investigation of the immune escape mechanism of Treponema pallidum
BackgroundSyphilis is a chronic sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum ( T. pallidum ), which is a public...
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Relapse of Symptomatic Cerebrospinal Fluid HIV Escape
Purpose of ReviewSymptomatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) HIV escape defines the presence of neurological disease in combination antiretroviral therapy...
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CD73 induces GM-CSF/MDSC-mediated suppression of T cells to accelerate pancreatic cancer pathogenesis
Metabolic alterations regulate cancer aggressiveness and immune responses. Given the poor response of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to...
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HIV Compartmentalization in the CNS and Its Impact in Treatment Outcomes and Cure Strategies
Purpose of ReviewThis review focuses on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in connection to the central nervous system (CNS) reservoir in...
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Downregulation of LNMAS orchestrates partial EMT and immune escape from macrophage phagocytosis to promote lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential step to drive the metastatic cascade to lymph nodes (LNs) in cervical cancer cells. However,...
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The role of BAFF and G-CSF for rituximab-induced late-onset neutropenia (LON) in lymphomas
Mechanisms for late-onset neutropenia (LON) after rituximab treatment are poorly defined both for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and for autoimmune...
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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer: therapeutic targets to overcome tumor immune evasion
Paradoxically, tumor development and progression can be inhibited and promoted by the immune system. After three stages of immune editing, namely,...
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Possible N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody-mediated encephalitis in the setting of HIV cerebrospinal fluid escape
Discordant elevations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ribonucleic acid (RNA) in chronically treated patients known as...
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Evaluation of classical swine fever E2 (CSF-E2) subunit vaccine efficacy in the prevention of virus transmission and impact of maternal derived antibody interference in field farm applications
BackgroundClassical swine fever (CSF) is one of the most devastating pig diseases that affect the swine industry worldwide. Besides stam** out...
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The NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 UBA3 orchestrates the immunosuppressive microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma via the NF-кB pathway
Immunosuppressive cells play important roles in generating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and facilitating tumor immune escape. However,...
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Exosomal miR-200c and miR-141 as cerebrospinal fluid biopsy biomarkers for the response to chemotherapy in primary central nervous system lymphoma
BackgroundTo improve early diagnosis and chemotherapy efficacy monitoring in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), cerebrospinal fluid...
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Cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumour DNA genoty** and survival analysis in lung adenocarcinoma with leptomeningeal metastases
PurposeThe prognosis of patients with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) remains poor. Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has been proven to be abundantly...
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Blockade of Myd88 signaling by a novel MyD88 inhibitor prevents colitis-associated colorectal cancer development by impairing myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Background. In cancer, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are known to escape the host immune system by develo** a highly suppressive...
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Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomes of treatment-resistant depression subtypes and ketamine response: a pilot study
Depression is a disorder with variable presentation. Selecting treatments and dose-finding is, therefore, challenging and time-consuming. In...
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Role and application of chemokine CXCL13 in central nervous system lymphoma
Chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) both play significant roles in the tumor microenvironment (TME). CXCL13 in...
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An untapped window of opportunity for glioma: targeting therapy-induced senescence prior to recurrence
High-grade gliomas are primary brain tumors that are incredibly refractory long-term to surgery and chemoradiation, with no proven durable salvage...
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Small molecule immunomodulation: the tumor microenvironment and overcoming immune escape
Immunotherapy has led to a paradigm shift in the treatment of many advanced malignancies. Despite the success in treatment of tumors like non-small...
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Autoimmune processes in neurological patients are much more common than presently suspected
Autoimmune encephalitides are seldom diseases. How rare they actually are, however, is not known. The low incidence combined with the problematic...
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Management of a human immunodeficiency virus case with discordant antiviral drug resistance profiles in cerebrospinal fluid compared with plasma: a case report
BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus-1-associated neurocognitive disorder is a known complication in individuals treated with antiretroviral...
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NREM sleep loss increases neurofilament light chain levels in APP/PS1 and C57BL/6 J mice
PurposeSleep disturbances exacerbate the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but disturbances of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and rapid...
