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Sex-dependent intra-islet structural rearrangements affecting alpha-to-beta cell interactions lead to adaptive enhancements of Ca2+ dynamics in prediabetic beta cells
Aims/hypothesisPrediabetic pancreatic beta cells can adapt their function to maintain normoglycaemia for a limited period of time, after which...
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Deficiency of WTAP in islet beta cells results in beta cell failure and diabetes in mice
Aims/hypothesisN 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) mRNA methylation and m 6 A-related proteins (methyltransferase-like 3 [METTL3], methyltransferase-like 14...
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Apolipoprotein L genes are novel mediators of inflammation in beta cells
Aims/hypothesisInflammation induces beta cell dysfunction and demise but underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The apolipoprotein L (APOL)...
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SERCA2 regulates proinsulin processing and processing enzyme maturation in pancreatic beta cells
Aims/hypothesisIncreased circulating levels of incompletely processed insulin (i.e. proinsulin) are observed clinically in type 1 and type 2...
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Dinutuximab beta-targeted therapy kills beta-cell tumors of the pancreas
PurposeDinutuximab beta is a monoclonal antibody used only in glioblastoma. Streptozotocin is an agent that is particularly toxic to pancreatic beta...
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The efficiency of stem cell differentiation into functional beta cells for treating insulin-requiring diabetes: Recent advances and current challenges
In recent years, the potential of stem cells (SCs) to differentiate into various types of cells, including β-cells, has led to a significant boost in...
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Loss of RREB1 in pancreatic beta cells reduces cellular insulin content and affects endocrine cell gene expression
Aims/hypothesisGenome-wide studies have uncovered multiple independent signals at the RREB1 locus associated with altered type 2 diabetes risk and...
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Cyclin A1 (CCNA1) inhibits osteoporosis by suppressing transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) pathway in osteoblasts
BackgroundOsteoporosis is a genetic disease caused by the imbalance between osteoblast-led bone formation and osteoclast-induced bone resorption....
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Melatonin and probiotic administration ameliorated hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, and enhanced cytoprotective effect on beta-cells of diabetic rats
ObjectiveThe study aimed at investigating the effects of administering melatonin and a probiotic to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats on...
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Maturation of beta cells: lessons from in vivo and in vitro models
The ability to maintain normoglycaemia, through glucose-sensitive insulin release, is a key aspect of postnatal beta cell function. However,...
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Exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention to protect pancreatic beta cells in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Aims/hypothesisDiabetes is characterised by progressive loss of functional pancreatic beta cells. None of the therapeutic agents used to treat...
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Didymin protects pancreatic beta cells by enhancing mitochondrial function in high-fat diet-induced impaired glucose tolerance
PurposeProlonged exposure to plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) leads to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) which can progress to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in...
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XBP1 maintains beta cell identity, represses beta-to-alpha cell transdifferentiation and protects against diabetic beta cell failure during metabolic stress in mice
Aims/hypothesisPancreatic beta cell dedifferentiation, transdifferentiation into other islet cells and apoptosis have been implicated in beta cell...
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Characterisation of Ppy-lineage cells clarifies the functional heterogeneity of pancreatic beta cells in mice
Aims/hypothesisPancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells, which secrete PP (encoded by the Ppy gene), are a minor population of pancreatic endocrine cells....
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Adjudin improves beta cell maturation, hepatic glucose uptake and glucose homeostasis
Aims/hypothesisRecovering functional beta cell mass is a promising approach for future diabetes therapies. The aim of the present study is to...
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Hydrogen peroxide enhances transforming growth factor beta-2 induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition of ARPE-19 cells
BackgroundIn the pathophysiology of the retina, the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and oxidative stress play key roles. To find a relationship...
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In Vitro Study of Thymosin Beta 4 Promoting Transplanted Fat Survival by Regulating Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
BackgroundAutologous fat grafting (AFG) has emerged as a highly sought-after plastic surgery procedure, although its success has been hampered by the...
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tRNA-derived fragments in T lymphocyte–beta cell crosstalk and in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis in NOD mice
Aims/hypothesistRNAs play a central role in protein synthesis. Besides this canonical function, they were recently found to generate non-coding RNA...
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Differential CpG methylation at Nnat in the early establishment of beta cell heterogeneity
Aims/hypothesisBeta cells within the pancreatic islet represent a heterogenous population wherein individual sub-groups of cells make distinct...
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Proinflammatory cytokines induce rapid, NO-independent apoptosis, expression of chemotactic mediators and interleukin-32 secretion in human pluripotent stem cell-derived beta cells
Aims/hypothesisThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of proinflammatory cytokines on cells of different developmental stages during the...
