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Gut adaptation after metabolic surgery and its influences on the brain, liver and cancer
Metabolic surgery is the best treatment for long-term weight loss maintenance and comorbidity control. Metabolic operations were originally intended...
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Selective stimulation of colonic L cells improves metabolic outcomes in mice
Aims/hypothesisInsulin-like peptide-5 (INSL5) is found only in distal colonic L cells, which co-express glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide...
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Targeting EphA2 in cancer
Eph receptors and the corresponding Eph receptor-interacting (ephrin) ligands jointly constitute a critical cell signaling network that has multiple...
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Applications of human organoids in the personalized treatment for digestive diseases
Digestive system diseases arise primarily through the interplay of genetic and environmental influences; there is an urgent need in elucidating the...
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Manipulating resident microbiota to enhance regulatory immune function to treat inflammatory bowel diseases
Altered intestinal microbial composition (dysbiosis) and metabolic products activate aggressive mucosal immune responses that mediate inflammatory...
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Serum Bile Acid Levels Before and After Sleeve Gastrectomy and Their Correlation with Obesity-Related Comorbidities
Background and AimsThe rising prevalence of morbid obesity is increasing the demand for bariatric surgery. The benefits observed after bariatric...
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Incretin drugs in diabetic kidney disease: biological mechanisms and clinical evidence
As the prevalence of diabetes continues to climb, the number of individuals living with diabetic complications will reach an unprecedented magnitude....
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The Roles of Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Autoimmune Diseases
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of plasma membrane receptors in nature and mediate the effects of a variety of...
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Bile acids in glucose metabolism and insulin signalling — mechanisms and research needs
Of all the novel glucoregulatory molecules discovered in the past 20 years, bile acids (BAs) are notable for the fact that they were hiding in plain...
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Obesity and developmental delay in a patient with uniparental disomy of chromosome 2
Objective:Uniparental disomy (UPD) is an unusual situation wherein two homologous chromosomes are inherited from the same parent. UPDs can cause...
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Intestinal microbiome and NAFLD: molecular insights and therapeutic perspectives
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of dysregulated lipid and glucose metabolism, which is often associated with...
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Bile acid metabolism and signaling in health and disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets
Bile acids, once considered mere dietary surfactants, now emerge as critical modulators of macronutrient (lipid, carbohydrate, protein) metabolism...
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Changes in Bile Acid Metabolism, Transport, and Signaling as Central Drivers for Metabolic Improvements After Bariatric Surgery
Purpose of ReviewWe review current evidence regarding changes in bile acid (BA) metabolism, transport, and signaling after bariatric surgery and how...
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Clinical Management of Primary Biliary Cholangitis—Strategies and Evolving Trends
PBC is a chronic progressive autoimmune disorder involving the destruction of intrahepatic small bile ducts, cholestasis, fibrosis, and ultimately...
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Cholecystectomy as a risk factor of metabolic syndrome: from epidemiologic clues to biochemical mechanisms
Cholecystectomy has long been regarded as a safe procedure with no deleterious influence on the body. However, recent studies provide clues that link...
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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery-Induced Weight Loss and Metabolic Improvements Are Similar in TGR5-Deficient and Wildtype Mice
Background and PurposeRoux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) remains one of the most effective treatments for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Despite...
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Update on Bile Acid Malabsorption: Finally Ready for Prime Time?
Purpose of ReviewTo provide an update on the prevalence, pathophysiology, disease associations, and treatment options for bile acid malabsorption...
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Primary biliary cholangitis: pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities
Primary biliary cholangitis is a chronic, seropositive and female-predominant inflammatory and cholestatic liver disease, which has a variable rate...
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Cholangiocyte pathobiology
Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells lining the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts, are highly specialized cells residing in a complex anatomic...
