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Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) mediates sex differences in binge drinking through central taste circuits
The neuropeptide cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) has been implicated in alcohol consumption and reward behaviours, yet...
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Targeting the central melanocortin system for the treatment of metabolic disorders
A large body of preclinical and clinical data shows that the central melanocortin system is a promising therapeutic target for treating various...
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Neurostimulation and sleep in patients with epilepsy—English version
BackgroundChronic sleep disturbance may affect seizure frequency and efficacy of treatment in epilepsy patients. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) and...
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Central stress pathways in the development of cardiovascular disease
PurposeMental stress is of essential consideration when assessing cardiovascular pathophysiology in all patient populations. Substantial evidence...
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Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with Parkinson’s disease with and without constipation: a prospective study
PurposeThe etiology of constipation in Parkinson’s disease is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to explore changes in regional neural...
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Inadvertent hypothermia: a prevalent perioperative issue that remains to be improved
Inadvertent hypothermia, defined as a body temperature lower than 36 °C, remains to be a critical issue during the perioperative period. Despite of...
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Volumetric changes in hypothalamic subunits in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
PurposeStudies on hypothalamic changes in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are very scarce, despite the fact that the...
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Alterations in pain processing circuitries in episodic migraine
BackgroundThe precise underlying mechanisms of migraine remain unknown. Although we have previously shown acute orofacial pain evoked changes within...
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Age, sex, and apolipoprotein E isoform alter contextual fear learning, neuronal activation, and baseline DNA damage in the hippocampus
Age, female sex, and apolipoprotein E4 (E4) are risk factors to develop Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There are three major human apoE isoforms: E2, E3,...
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Common neural correlates of vestibular stimulation and fear learning: an fMRI meta-analysis
BackgroundA bidirectional functional link between vestibular and fear-related disorders has been previously suggested.
ObjectiveTo test a potential...
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Parkinson’s disease motor progression in relation to the timing of REM sleep behavior disorder presentation: an exploratory retrospective study
REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a frequent non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and the timing of its presentation might have a role...
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An ensemble recruited by α2a-adrenergic receptors is engaged in a stressor-specific manner in mice
α 2a -adrenergic receptor (α 2a -AR) agonists are candidate substance use disorder therapeutics due to their ability to recruit noradrenergic...
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Role of GRPR in Acupuncture Intervention in the “Itch-scratch Vicious Cycle” Spinal Circuit of Chronic Pruritus
Many previous studies have shown the potential antipruritic effect of acupuncture. This paper reviews the antipruritic mechanisms of acupuncture...
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Expression of vasopressin and its receptors in migraine-related regions in CNS and the trigeminal system: influence of sex
BackgroundHypothalamus is a key region in migraine attacks. In addition, women are disproportionately affected by migraine. The calcitonin...
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The relationship between SGLT2 and systemic blood pressure regulation
The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) is a glucose transporter that is located within the proximal tubule of the kidney’s nephrons. While it is...
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Efficacy profile of noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation on cortical spreading depression susceptibility and the tissue response in a rat model
BackgroundNoninvasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) has recently emerged as a promising therapy for migraine. We previously demonstrated that vagus...
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Pathology of pain and its implications for therapeutic interventions
Pain is estimated to affect more than 20% of the global population, imposing incalculable health and economic burdens. Effective pain management is...
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Current perspectives on brain circuits involved in food addiction-like behaviors
There is an emerging view that the increased availability of energy-dense foods in our society is contributing to excessive food consumption which...
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Intestinal gluconeogenesis: metabolic benefits make sense in the light of evolution
The intestine, like the liver and kidney, in various vertebrates and humans is able to carry out gluconeogenesis and release glucose into the blood....
